Trends and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in US adolescents, 1999-2020.

Aims: To assess the national trends in prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes and their major risk factors among adolescents in the US.

Methods: We analyzed data on 6,936 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) between 1999 and 2020. Diabetes was defined by self-reported physician-diagnosis (diagnosed) and by fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels (undiagnosed).

Adolescent Diet Quality, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Adiposity: A Prospective Cohort.

Objective: Examine the prospective association among diet with adolescent cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and anthropometrics.

Methods: Secondary analysis of an observational study of adolescents aged 10-16 years. Twenty-four-hour food recalls were used to calculate Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores.

Obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence that metformin does not restore sensitivity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator to inhibition by ovarian steroids.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have reduced GnRH sensitivity to suppression by ovarian steroids, which can be ameliorated by androgen blockade. We studied nine PCOS women and nine controls to determine whether metformin could change feedback inhibition by estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P). LH was measured every 10 min, and FSH, E(2), P, and testosterone (T) were measured every 2 h.