Challenges in treating oppositional defiant disorder in a pediatric medical setting: a case study.

The following case study is presented to highlight the importance of consistency in identifying and treating oppositional defiant disorder in a pediatric patient with a life-threatening medical illness. A pediatric transplant patient's oppositional behaviors are described, as well as the educational behavioral training program provided to the patient's caregivers and medical staff. As a result of the training, the patient engaged in less oppositional behavior, was more cooperative and pleasant with staff, and was more compliant with her treatment.

The local public health workforce in rural communities.

This work describes the public health workforce and training needs of rural local public health agencies (LPHAs) in comparison with suburban and metropolitan LPHA jurisdictions. A survey was sent to 1,100 LPHAs nationwide. The rural urban commuting area codes (RUCAs) defined LPHAs as rural or urban, and the Standard Occupational Classification system enumerated the workforce.

Oral health care utilization by US rural residents, National Health Interview Survey 1999.

Objective: To compare the dental care utilization practices of rural and urban residents in the United States.

Methods: Data on dental care utilization from the 1999 National Health Interview Survey for persons 2 years of age and older (n=42, 139) were analyzed by rural/urban status. Percentages and 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated to produce national estimates for having had a visit in the past year, the number of visits, reasons given for last dental visit and for not visiting a dentist, unmet dental needs, and private dental insurance.

Oral health status of children and adolescents by rural residence, United States.

Context: The limited information available on the oral health status of rural children in the United States makes it difficult to devise policy strategies to address perceived problems.

Purpose: To document the oral health status and dental care utilization of US children by place of residence,

Methods: Data from National Health Interview Surveys for 1995, 1997, and 1998, and from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) were analyzed.

Findings: Children residing in rural areas were more likely to be uninsured for dental care than were children from urban areas (41.

Oral health status of older rural adults in the United States.

Background: Little is known about the oral health care of older rural residents. The authors describe oral health indicators for the older adult population by place of residence in the United States.

Methods: The authors analyzed data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the 1995, 1997 and 1998 National Health Interview Surveys.

Oral health status of rural adults in the United States.

Background: Many sociodemographic indicators of oral health disparity in the United States have been documented. Rural residence, however, has not been researched thoroughly, though it has been considered to be a potential indicator of disparity. The authors conducted this study to present information on the effects of rural residence on oral health in the United States.