Access and use of sexual and reproductive health services among asylum-seeking and refugee women in high-income countries: A scoping review.

Background: Refugee and asylum-seeking women are known to experience a myriad of intersecting sociocultural, institutional, and systemic barriers when accessing healthcare services after resettlement in high-income countries. Barriers can negatively affect service uptake and engagement, contributing to health inequities and forgone care. Access to sexual and reproductive healthcare (e.

Unique Variants of Megacalycosis on Magnetic Resonance Urography.

Objective: To present a unique set of patients diagnosed with megacalycosis by magnetic resonance urography (MRU) to re-evaluate the definition of megacalycosis and provide a new perspective on diagnosis and treatment.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with megacalycosis as diagnosed by MRU was conducted. MRU was performed to determine the presence of obstruction, further visualize renal anatomy, and clarify the presence of megacalycosis.

Parents' Experiences with Postpartum Support Groups using Videoconferencing: Perceptions of Safety in the Virtual Space.

Purpose: To explore new parents' experiences with web-based videoconferencing as a mechanism of offering postpartum virtual support groups.

Study Design And Methods: Virtual support sessions and individual interviews were conducted to explore participants' experiences with virtual postpartum groups.

Results: Thirty-seven parents participated in seven virtual support sessions and 19 participated in individual interviews.

Examining How Postpartum Videoconferencing Support Sessions Can Facilitate Connections between Parents: A Poststructural and Sociomaterial Analysis.

Postpartum support for new parents can normalize experiences, increase confidence, and lead to positive health outcomes. While in-person gatherings may be the preferred choice, not all parents can or want to join parenting groups in person. Online asynchronous chat spaces for parents have increased over the past 10 years, especially during the COVID pandemic, when "online" became the norm.

"There's an Etiquette to Zoom That's Not Really Present In-Person": A Qualitative Study Showing How the Mute Button Shapes Virtual Postpartum Support for New Parents.

Virtual spaces that allow parents in the postpartum period to connect, support each other, and exchange information have been increasing in popularity. With the COVID-19 pandemic, many parents had to rely on virtual platforms as a primary means to connect with others and attend to their postpartum health. This study explored virtual postpartum support sessions through the web-based videoconferencing software, Zoom.

PERM1 regulates energy metabolism in the heart ERRα/PGC-1α axis.

Aims: PERM1 is a striated muscle-specific regulator of mitochondrial bioenergetics. We previously demonstrated that PERM1 is downregulated in the failing heart and that PERM1 positively regulates metabolic genes known as targets of the transcription factor ERRα and its coactivator PGC-1α in cultured cardiomyocytes. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of loss of PERM1 on cardiac function and energetics using newly generated -knockout ( ) mice and to investigate the molecular mechanisms of its transcriptional control.

Sutureless circumcision using monopolar diathermy and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate is safe and effective in a cohort of 634 post-neonatal prepubescent boys.

Background: Circumcision is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world, with one-third of males circumcised globally. Post-neonatal, prepubescent sutured circumcision demonstrates complication rates ranging from 1.7% to 9.

Barriers to and strategies to address COVID-19 testing hesitancy: a rapid scoping review.

Background: Testing is a foundational component of any COVID-19 management strategy; however, emerging evidence suggests that barriers and hesitancy to COVID-19 testing may affect uptake or participation and often these are multiple and intersecting factors that may vary across population groups. To this end, Health Canada's COVID-19 Testing and Screening Expert Advisory Panel commissioned this rapid review in January 2021 to explore the available evidence in this area. The aim of this rapid review was to identify barriers to COVID-19 testing and strategies used to mitigate these barriers.

Mental Health Impacts of Climate Change on Women: a Scoping Review.

Climate change is the largest threat to human health of the twenty-first century. Women are disproportionately affected by climate change. While the physical health impacts of climate change are an active area of research, works related to the mental health impacts are less developed.

Phosphoproteomic analysis of cocaine memory extinction and reconsolidation in the nucleus accumbens.

Rationale: Environmental stimuli, or cues, associated with the use of drugs such as cocaine are one of the primary drivers of relapse. Thus, identifying mechanisms to reduce the motivational properties of drug cues is an important research goal.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify cellular signaling events in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) that are induced when a cocaine cue memory is either extinguished through repeated cue presentation in the absence of drug, or when the memory is reactivated and reconsolidated by a brief cue re-exposure.

Phosphoproteomic Analysis of the Amygdala Response to Adolescent Glucocorticoid Exposure Reveals G-Protein Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 as a Target for Reducing Motivation for Alcohol.

Early life stress is associated with risk for developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in adulthood. Though the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this vulnerability are not well understood, evidence suggests that aberrant glucocorticoid and noradrenergic system functioning play a role. The present study investigated the long-term consequences of chronic exposure to elevated glucocorticoids during adolescence on the risk of increased alcohol-motivated behavior, and on amygdalar function in adulthood.

C-terminally truncated, kidney-specific variants of the WNK4 kinase lack several sites that regulate its activity.

WNK lysine-deficient protein kinase 4 (WNK4) is an important regulator of renal salt handling. Mutations in its gene cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II, mainly arising from overactivation of the renal Na/Cl cotransporter (NCC). In addition to full-length WNK4, we have observed faster migrating bands (between 95 and 130 kDa) in Western blots of kidney lysates.

Quantification of Urinary Protein Biomarkers of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease by Parallel Reaction Monitoring.

Purpose: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a life-long disease in which the genes responsible are known, but the pathogenesis of cyst formation and cyst growth are not understood. Cyst growth ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure in most patients. Analysis of the urinary proteome offers the potential to identify proteins that indicate the presence of cysts (and thus provides diagnosis) as well as the rates of cyst growth (providing prognostic information).

Evaluation of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Associated Proteome at Baseline and Following Nicotine Exposure in Human and Mouse Cortex.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) support the initiation and maintenance of smoking, but the long-term changes occurring in the protein complex as a result of smoking and the nicotine in tobacco are not known. Human studies and animal models have also demonstrated that increasing cholinergic tone increases behaviors related to depression, suggesting that the nAChR-associated proteome could be altered in individuals with mood disorders. We therefore immunopurified nAChRs and associated proteins for quantitative proteomic assessment of changes in protein-protein interactions of high-affinity nAChRs containing the β2 subunit (β2*-nAChRs) from either cortex of mice treated with saline or nicotine, or postmortem human temporal cortex tissue from tobacco-exposed and nonexposed individuals, with a further comparison of diagnosed mood disorder to control subjects.

Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals a Novel Mechanism of CaMKIIα Regulation Inversely Induced by Cocaine Memory Extinction versus Reconsolidation.

Unlabelled: Successful addiction treatment depends on maintaining long-term abstinence, making relapse prevention an essential therapeutic goal. However, exposure to environmental cues associated with drug use often thwarts abstinence efforts by triggering drug using memories that drive craving and relapse. We sought to develop a dual approach for weakening cocaine memories through phosphoproteomic identification of targets regulated in opposite directions by memory extinction compared with reconsolidation in male Sprague-Dawley rats that had been trained to self-administer cocaine paired with an audiovisual cue.

MAP4K4 Is a Threonine Kinase That Phosphorylates FARP1.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MAP4K4) regulates the MEK kinase cascade and is implicated in cytoskeletal rearrangement and migration; however, identifying MAP4K4 substrates has remained a challenge. To ascertain MAP4K4-dependent phosphorylation events, we combined phosphoproteomic studies of MAP4K4 inhibition with in vitro assessment of its kinase specificity. We identified 235 phosphosites affected by MAP4K4 inhibition in cells and found that pTP and pSP motifs were predominant among them.

Development of a Targeted Urine Proteome Assay for kidney diseases.

Purpose: Since human urine is the most readily available biofluid whose proteome changes in response to disease, it is a logical sample for identifying protein biomarkers for kidney diseases.

Experimental Design: Potential biomarkers were identified by using a multiproteomics workflow to compare urine proteomes of kidney transplant patients with immediate and delayed graft function. Differentially expressed proteins were identified, and corresponding stable isotope labeled internal peptide standards were synthesized for scheduled MRM.

YPED: an integrated bioinformatics suite and database for mass spectrometry-based proteomics research.

We report a significantly-enhanced bioinformatics suite and database for proteomics research called Yale Protein Expression Database (YPED) that is used by investigators at more than 300 institutions worldwide. YPED meets the data management, archival, and analysis needs of a high-throughput mass spectrometry-based proteomics research ranging from a single laboratory, group of laboratories within and beyond an institution, to the entire proteomics community. The current version is a significant improvement over the first version in that it contains new modules for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) database search results, label and label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, and several scoring outputs for phosphopeptide site localization.

Angiotensin II signaling via protein kinase C phosphorylates Kelch-like 3, preventing WNK4 degradation.

Hypertension contributes to the global burden of cardiovascular disease. Increased dietary K(+) reduces blood pressure; however, the mechanism has been obscure. Human genetic studies have suggested that the mechanism is an obligatory inverse relationship between renal salt reabsorption and K(+) secretion.

Kelch-like 3 and Cullin 3 regulate electrolyte homeostasis via ubiquitination and degradation of WNK4.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII) is a rare Mendelian syndrome featuring hypertension and hyperkalemia resulting from constitutive renal salt reabsorption and impaired K(+) secretion. Recently, mutations in Kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) and Cullin 3 (CUL3), components of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, were found to cause PHAII, suggesting that loss of this complex's ability to target specific substrates for ubiquitination leads to PHAII. By MS and coimmunoprecipitation, we show that KLHL3 normally binds to WNK1 and WNK4, members of WNK (with no lysine) kinase family that have previously been found mutated in PHAII.

Proteomics and the analysis of proteomic data: 2013 overview of current protein-profiling technologies.

Mass spectrometry has become a major tool in the study of proteomes. The analysis of proteolytic peptides and their fragment ions by this technique enables the identification and quantitation of the precursor proteins in a mixture. However, deducing chemical structures and then protein sequences from mass-to-charge ratios is a challenging computational task.

DRBP76 associates with Ebola virus VP35 and suppresses viral polymerase function.

The Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) protein VP35 is multifunctional; it inhibits IFN-α/β production and functions as a cofactor of the viral RNA polymerase. Mass spectrometry identified the double stranded RNA binding protein 76 (DRBP76/NFAR-1/NF90) as a cellular factor that associates with the VP35 C-terminal interferon inhibitory domain (IID). DRBP76 is described to regulate host cell protein synthesis and play an important role in host defense.

The Ebola virus VP24 protein prevents hnRNP C1/C2 binding to karyopherin α1 and partially alters its nuclear import.

The Ebola virus (EBOV) protein VP24 inhibits type I and II interferon (IFN) signaling by binding to NPI-1 subfamily karyopherin α (KPNA) nuclear import proteins, preventing their interaction with tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT1 (phospho-STAT1). This inhibits phospho-STAT1 nuclear import. A biochemical screen now identifies heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein complex C1/C2 (hnRNP C1/C2) nuclear import as an additional target of VP24.

Functional genomic and proteomic analysis reveals disruption of myelin-related genes and translation in a mouse model of early life neglect.

Early life neglect is an important public health problem which can lead to lasting psychological dysfunction. Good animal models are necessary to understand the mechanisms responsible for the behavioral and anatomical pathology that results. We recently described a novel model of early life neglect, maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW), that produces behavioral changes in the mouse that persist into adulthood.

Complex interactions in EML cell stimulation by stem cell factor and IL-3.

Erythroid myeloid lymphoid (EML) cells are an established multipotent hematopoietic precursor cell line that can be maintained in medium including stem cell factor (SCF). EML cultures contain a heterogeneous mixture of cells, including a lineage-negative, CD34+ subset of cells that propagate rapidly in SCF and can clonally regenerate the mixed population. A second major subset of EML cells consists of lineage-negative.