Camouflage pattern features interact with movement speed to determine human target detectability.

Applied ergonomics research examines not only the fit, form and function of military uniforms, but also their ability to effectively camouflage personnel as they perform job-related tasks. Many of these job-related tasks involve moving through environments, but existing literature examining camouflage effectiveness often assumes that movement effectively "breaks" even the best camouflage patterns, rendering them of limited utility for reducing the visual signature of a moving target. However, recent research demonstrates that animals equipped with adaptive camouflage change their patterning in predictable ways during movement and this adaptation decreases detectability, suggesting that uniform patterning may still hold value for reducing conspicuity during movement.

Obesity and hospital outcomes following traumatic injury: Associations in 9 years of patient data from a single metropolitan area.

Traumatic injury is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Obesity may put trauma patients at risk for complications leading to negative clinical outcomes. Data on all hospital admissions due to traumatic injury in the Detroit metropolitan area between 2006 and 2014 were obtained from the Michigan State Inpatient Database.

Visual salience and biological motion interact to determine camouflaged target detectability.

Target visual salience and biological motion independently influence the accuracy and latency of observer detection. However, it is currently unknown how these target parameters might interact in modulating the detectability of camouflaged human targets. In two experiments, observers performed a visual target detection task.

Masked priming for the comparative evaluation of camouflage conspicuity.

Human observer test and evaluation of camouflage patterns is critical for understanding relative pattern conspicuity against a range of background scenes. However, very few validated methodologies exist for this purpose, and those that do carry several limitations. Five experiments examined whether masked priming with a dot probe could be used to reliably differentiate camouflage patterns.

Pressure Ulcers in the United States' Inpatient Population From 2008 to 2012: Results of a Retrospective Nationwide Study.

Pressure ulcers are common, increase patient morbidity and mortality, and costly for patients, their families, and the health care system. A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the impact of pressure ulcers on short-term outcomes in United States inpatient populations and to identify patient characteristics associated with having 1 or more pressure ulcers. The US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was analyzed using the International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9 CM) diagnosis codes as the screening tool for all inpatient pressure ulcers recorded from 2008 to 2012.

Trends in bariatric surgery from 2008 to 2012.

Background: Obesity is a global epidemic that has been increasing in prevalence. The only treatment method for durable weight loss is bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to observe trends in usage and outcomes of bariatric operations used in the United States from 2008 to 2012.