Barriers and facilitators to taking on diabetes self-management tasks in pre-adolescent children with type 1 diabetes: a qualitative study.

Background: When children with type 1 diabetes approach adolescence, they are encouraged to become more involved in diabetes self-management. This study explored the challenges pre-adolescent children encounter when self-managing diabetes and the factors which motivate and enable them to take on new diabetes-related tasks. A key objective was to inform the support offered to pre-adolescent children.

Improving communication and recall of information in paediatric diabetes consultations: a qualitative study of parents' experiences and views.

Background: Parents of non-adolescent children with type 1 diabetes are responsible for most of their child's diabetes management tasks. Consultations are used to provide diabetes education, review clinical progress and promote diabetes management tasks. This study explored parents' experiences of, and views about, their child's diabetes consultations.

Parents' information and support needs when their child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes: a qualitative study.

Aim And Objective: The aim of this study was to describe and explore parents' information and support needs when their child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, including their views about the timing and chronology of current support provision. Our objective was to identify ways in which parents could be better supported in the future.

Design And Participants: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 54 parents of children with type 1 diabetes in four paediatric diabetes clinics in Scotland.

Pathways to diagnosis: a qualitative study of the experiences and emotional reactions of parents of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore from parents' perspectives the circumstances and events which led to their child being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The objective was to understand reasons for delays in seeking treatment and parents' emotional reactions to diagnosis so others can be better informed and supported in future.

Methods: In-depth interviews with 54 parents of children (aged ≤12 yr) with T1D were conducted.

Prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia and identification of predictive symptoms in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Background: In children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) the prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) is uncertain. This study aimed to ascertain this with greater precision. Secondary aims were to assess symptoms of hypoglycemia and which of these best predict awareness of hypoglycemia in children.

Maternal communication style, problem-solving and dietary adherence in young children with type 1 diabetes.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in young children is increasing markedly however young children have been overlooked in paediatric adherence research despite the unique challenges their care presents. We investigated the relation between maternal communication style and adherence to the dietary regimen in 40 children with T1D, aged 2-8 years, and their mothers. Mothers completed measures of children's sugar consumption, parent-child communication quality, and child psychological functioning.

Fear of hypoglycaemia in parents of young children with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review.

Background: Many children with type 1 diabetes have poor glycaemic control. Since the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) showed that tighter control reduces complication rates, there has been more emphasis on intensified insulin therapy. We know that patients and families are afraid of hypoglycaemia.

Audit of microalbumin excretion in children with type I diabetes.

Objective: To investigate prevalence, persistence and clinical correlates of increased microalbumin excretion in random urine samples collected in a paediatric diabetes clinic.

Method: Random urine samples were collected annually in patients >10 years attending the diabetes clinic in the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh. Albumin excretion is expressed as albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) and classified as normal (10 mg/mmol), or macroalbuminuria (>47 mg/mmol in females, >35 mg/mmol in males).

Reach and impact of a mass media event among vulnerable patients: the Terri Schiavo story.

Background: It is unknown whether health-related media stories reach diverse older adults and influence advance care planning (ACP).

Objective: To determine exposure to media coverage of Terri Schiavo (TS) and its impact on ACP.

Design And Participants: Descriptive study of 117 English/Spanish-speakers, aged >or=50 years (mean 61 years) from a county hospital, interviewed six months after enrollment into an advance directive study.

Hydroxybutyrate near-patient testing to evaluate a new end-point for intravenous insulin therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical application of a near-patient testing (NPT) device for capillary blood hydroxybutyrate (HOB) measurement in evaluating a new end-point for intravenous insulin therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children.

Methods: Children fulfilling the criteria for DKA were treated according to an integrated care pathway (ICP) with fluid replacement and insulin infusion. We measured capillary HOB hourly by NPT (Abbott Optium meter, analytical range 0-6.

Predictors of treatment adherence in young children with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: This paper reports a study to investigate whether diabetes-specific, demographic and psychosocial variables predict adherence in young children with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Paediatric diabetes rates are increasing worldwide; however, young children are neglected in treatment adherence research, despite the importance of adherence for health. Greater understanding of adherence in this group could enhance nurses' ability to provide care tailored to families' needs.

Relapsing diabetes can result from moderately activating mutations in KCNJ11.

Neonatal diabetes can either remit and hence be transient or else may be permanent. These two phenotypes were considered to be genetically distinct. Abnormalities of 6q24 are the commonest cause of transient neonatal diabetes (TNDM).