A Multi-View Deep Learning Model for Thyroid Nodules Detection and Characterization in Ultrasound Imaging.

Thyroid Ultrasound (US) is the primary method to evaluate thyroid nodules. Deep learning (DL) has been playing a significant role in evaluating thyroid cancer. We propose a DL-based pipeline to detect and classify thyroid nodules into benign or malignant groups relying on two views of US imaging.

An Image-Rich Educational Review of Breast Pain.

Breast pain is extremely common, occurring in 70% to 80% of women. Most cases of breast pain are from physiologic or benign causes, and patients should be reassured and offered treatment strategies to alleviate symptoms, often without diagnostic imaging. A complete clinical history and physical examination is key for distinguishing intrinsic breast pain from extramammary pain.

Quantitative Biomarkers Derived from a Novel Contrast-Free Ultrasound High-Definition Microvessel Imaging for Distinguishing Thyroid Nodules.

Low specificity in current ultrasound modalities for thyroid cancer detection necessitates the development of new imaging modalities for optimal characterization of thyroid nodules. Herein, the quantitative biomarkers of a new high-definition microvessel imaging (HDMI) were evaluated for discrimination of benign from malignant thyroid nodules. Without the help of contrast agents, this new ultrasound-based quantitative technique utilizes processing methods including clutter filtering, denoising, vessel enhancement filtering, morphological filtering, and vessel segmentation to resolve tumor microvessels at size scales of a few hundred microns and enables the extraction of vessel morphological features as new tumor biomarkers.

Spectrum of imaging findings in hyperplastic cholecystosis and potential mimics.

Adenomyomatosis and cholesterolosis of the gallbladder, collectively termed hyperplastic cholecystosis, are commonly encountered incidental findings on imaging studies performed for a variety of indications including biliary colic or nonspecific abdominal pain. These pathologies are rarely the source of symptoms, generally considered benign and do not require further work-up. However, their imaging characteristics can overlap with more sinister conditions that should not be missed.

Adaptive and Robust Vessel Quantification in Contrast-Free Ultrafast Ultrasound Microvessel Imaging.

The morphological features of vasculature in diseased tissue differ significantly from those in normal tissue. Therefore, vasculature quantification is crucial for disease diagnosis and staging. Ultrasound microvessel imaging (UMI) with ultrafast ultrasound acquisitions has been determined to have potential in clinical applications given its superior sensitivity in blood flow detection.

Analysis and Classification of Postcatheterization Femoral Arteriovenous Fistulas Based on Color Doppler Examinations.

Objective: To analyze and classify arterial supply and venous drainage of postcatheterization femoral arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs).

Methods: A review of extremity Doppler reports identified 77 femoral AVFs in 75 patients. Doppler exams were reviewed retrospectively.

Bleeding Complications After Percutaneous Liver Biopsy: Do Subcapsular Lesions Pose a Higher Risk?

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of moderate and severe bleeding complications after subcapsular liver mass biopsy and compare it with the incidences of such complications after nonsubcapsular liver mass biopsy and after random biopsy.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective review of ultrasound-guided liver biopsies was performed between January 2006 and February 2015. Biopsy type, needle size, the number of needle passes, and mass size and depth were recorded.

Doppler sonography of portal hypertension.

Doppler sonography is frequently obtained in patients with chronic liver disease, patients with suspected portal hypertension, and patients with known portal hypertension. In this clinical setting, it is important to understand both the normal hemodynamics of the liver and the morphological and hemodynamic changes that occur with portal hypertension. Among the many findings of portal hypertension are enlargement of the portal vein, decreased portal vein velocity, increased congestion index, development of portosystemic collaterals, and reversal of portal vein flow.

Waiting to exhale: salvaging the nondiagnostic CT pulmonary angiogram by using expiratory imaging to improve contrast dynamics.

We attempted to investigate whether computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the expiratory phase can improve contrast enhancement of the pulmonary arteries and mitigate the effect of inspiratory transient attenuation artifact, potentially salvaging nondiagnostic studies. Eighteen patients with indeterminate inspiratory CTPA, despite proper contrast bolus were studied. Patients were rescanned in expiration using the same contrast bolus and scanning parameters.