Severe methotrexate hypersensitivity during treatment for Gestational trophoblastic Neoplasia: Case Report and considerations for management.

•Methotrexate (MTX) hypersensitivity is rare and has not been widely reported in the setting of treatment of GTN.•Work up of hypersensitivity reactions may include consultation to an allergist, serum tryptase level, and possible skin testing.•In low-risk GTN, dactinomycin should be utilized after a hypersensitivity reaction to MTX.

Ovarian Masses: The Value of Acoustic Shadowing on Ultrasound Examination.

Adnexal lesions are a common finding in women and pose a clinical challenge since ovarian cancer is a highly lethal disease. However, most adnexal masses are benign, benefiting from a more conservative approach. In preoperative assessment, transvaginal ultrasound plays a key role in evaluating morphologic features that correlate with the risk of malignancy.

Is hormonal therapy after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy associated with an increased risk of malignancy in pathogenic variant carriers?

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between hormone replacement therapy and the incidence of subsequent malignancies in patients who underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and had mutations predisposing them to Müllerian cancers.

Methods: This Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective study was performed at five academic institutions. Women were included if they were age 18-51 years, had one or more confirmed germline highly penetrant pathogenic variants, and underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy.

Type II endometrial cancers with minimal, non-invasive residual disease on final pathology: What should we do next?

There are minimal data regarding the management of high risk endometrial cancer histologies lacking invasive disease on the final pathology specimen. This study examines a cohort of these patients and assesses outcomes including time to recurrence and risk of death after management with and without adjuvant therapies. Endometrial cancer patients with minimal or no remaining invasive disease on final pathologic specimen from 1995 to 2010 were included.

Do gynecologic oncology patients with severely diminished renal function and urinary tract obstruction benefit from ureteral stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy?

Objective: To assess the renal outcomes of gynecologic oncology patients who present with hydronephrosis and acute kidney injury (AKI), have <20% renal function on diuretic renal scintigraphy, and undergo placement of a ureteral stent or percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube.

Methods: This is a single-institution case series of gynecologic oncology patients who underwent diuretic renal scintigraphy from January 1, 2007, to June 1, 2017. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to assess predictors of <20% renal function.

p5RHH nanoparticle-mediated delivery of AXL siRNA inhibits metastasis of ovarian and uterine cancer cells in mouse xenografts.

Ovarian and uterine serous cancers are extremely lethal diseases that often present at an advanced stage. The late-stage diagnosis of these patients results in the metastasis of their cancers throughout the peritoneal cavity leading to death. Improving survival for these patients will require identifying therapeutic targets, strategies to target them, and means to deliver therapies to the tumors.

Association between body mass index and surgical menopausal symptoms in patients with early stage endometrial cancer.

Objectives: Premenopausal women may undergo surgical menopause after staging for their endometrial cancer. Our aim was to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and surgical menopausal symptoms.

Methods: We report a retrospective review of endometrial cancer patients whom underwent menopause secondary to their surgical staging procedure.

SQ1274, a novel microtubule inhibitor, inhibits ovarian and uterine cancer cell growth.

Objective: Paclitaxel, a microtubule inhibitor, is subject to tumor resistance while treating high-grade serous ovarian and uterine cancer. This study aims to directly compare the effects of SQ1274, a novel microtubule inhibitor that binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin, and paclitaxel in high-grade serous ovarian and uterine cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: We assessed the sensitivity of ovarian (OVCAR8) and uterine (ARK1) cancer cell lines to SQ1274 and paclitaxel using XTT assays.

Gynecologic Oncologists' Perceptions of Palliative Care and Associated Barriers: A Survey of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology.

Objectives: Gynecologic oncologists frequently care for patients at the end of life with the aid of palliative care (PC) specialists. Our primary objectives were to identify perceived barriers to integrating specialty PC into gynecologic cancer care.

Materials And Methods: Members of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey.

Participation in Regular Physical Activity After Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Type.

Objective: To describe the rates of participation in regular physical activity presurgery and at 3 years follow-up after knee or hip arthroplasty, and to describe factors associated with participation postsurgery and types of activity undertaken.

Methods: A previously acquired multicenter, prospective cohort of knee or hip arthroplasty recipients was followed up for 3 years postsurgery. Regular participation in physical activity was defined as participation in physical activity ≥1 time/week, excluding incidental activities.

Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Receiving Extended Pharmacologic Prophylaxis After Robotic Surgery for Endometrial Cancer.

Objective: This study aims to determine the rate of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in endometrial cancer patients undergoing robotic hysterectomy with or without extended pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis.

Methods/materials: A retrospective chart review of women undergoing robotic hysterectomy with or without other procedures for endometrial cancer from January 2010 to February 2015 was conducted at 2 institutions. Charts were manually abstracted, and rates of VTE within 30 and 60 days after surgery were determined.

Association of Metformin Use with Outcomes in Advanced Endometrial Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy.

There is increasing evidence that metformin, a commonly used treatment for diabetes, might have the potential to be repurposed as an economical and safe cancer therapeutic. The aim of this study was to determine whether stage III-IV or recurrent endometrial cancer patients who are using metformin during treatment with chemotherapy have improved survival. To test this we analyzed a retrospective cohort of subjects at two independent institutions who received chemotherapy for stage III-IV or recurrent endometrial cancer from 1992 to 2011.

Examining the Minimal Important Difference of Patient-reported Outcome Measures for Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Model Using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score.

Objective: To examine the influence of different analytical methods, baseline covariates, followup periods, and anchor questions when establishing a minimal important difference (MID) for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Second, to propose MID for improving and worsening on the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 272 patients with knee OA undergoing a multidisciplinary nonsurgical management strategy.

Hyperglycemia-induced metabolic compensation inhibits metformin sensitivity in ovarian cancer.

Increasing interest in repurposing the diabetic medication metformin for cancer treatment has raised important questions about the translation of promising preclinical findings to therapeutic efficacy, especially in non-diabetic patients. A significant limitation of the findings to date is the use of supraphysiologic metformin doses and hyperglycemic conditions in vitro. Our goals were to determine the impact of hyperglycemia on metformin response and to address the applicability of metformin as a cancer therapeutic in non-diabetic patients.

Characterization of membrane receptor binding activity for cortisol in the liver and kidney of the euryhaline teleost, Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus).

Glucocorticoids (GCs) regulate an array of physiological responses in vertebrates. Genomic GC actions mediated by nuclear steroid receptors require a lag time on the order of hours to days to generate an appreciable physiological response. Experimental evidence has accumulated that GCs, can also act rapidly through a nongenomic mechanism to modulate cellular physiology in vertebrates.