Examining within-person associations between alcohol and cannabis use and hooking up among adolescents and young adults in the United States.

Objective: This study examined daily associations between alcohol use, cannabis use, and simultaneous alcohol and cannabis/marijuana (SAM) use with the likelihood of hooking up (uncommitted sexual encounter that may or may not include intercourse).

Method: We used a longitudinal measurement burst ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design with 3-week EMA bursts with daily measurements repeated quarterly across 12 months. 1,009 (57 % female, Mean age = 20.

Polysubstance use among young adults and differences in negative alcohol-related sexual experiences.

This study aimed to compare negative alcohol-related sexual experiences among individuals who used (1) alcohol only, (2) alcohol plus marijuana, and (3) alcohol plus marijuana and stimulants. Participants in the analytic sample (N = 1,015; Mean age = 19.16 (SD = 0.

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) knowledge, familiarity, and attitudes among United States healthcare professional students: A cross-sectional study.

The United States' initiative to End the HIV Epidemic by 2030 includes a primary goal to reduce new HIV infections by 90 percent. One key contributor to this plan is HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). While knowledge and acceptance of PrEP among clinicians is growing, few studies have assessed knowledge and awareness among future healthcare professionals in academic training programs.

The Role of Past and Current Medical Use on Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs among College Students: Exploring Same-Drug and Cross-Drug Class Associations.

: Understanding the role that medical use of prescription drugs plays in nonmedical use of prescription drugs can inform prevention efforts. In order to understand fully the potential risk that medical use of prescription drugs conveys for nonmedical use of prescription drugs, the current study explored (a) the simultaneous associations between the medical use of several classes of prescription drugs with current nonmedical use of the same and other prescription drug classes, and (b) whether the associations depended upon past or current medical use. : Data came from a cross-sectional survey of 1686 college students, which assessed past and current medical use and current nonmedical use of stimulants, sedatives/anxiolytics, and opioid analgesics.

Awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among pharmacy students.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess pharmacy students' awareness, knowledge, and perceptions towards human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), confidence and intentions to counsel patients on PrEP, and preferred PrEP training.

Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with pharmacy students. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regressions were performed.

University student perceptions about the motives for and consequences of nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD).

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to increase qualitative understanding of student motives for and consequences associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs.

Participants: Sixty-one students participated in eight focus groups between April and November 2013.

Methods: Students described prescription drugs commonly used for nonmedical reasons, as well as the motives for and consequences associated with their use.

Development and Validation of a Video Measure for Assessing Women's Risk Perception for Alcohol-Related Sexual Assault.

Objective: Using an iterative process, a series of three video scenarios were developed for use as a standardized measure for assessing women's perception of risks for alcohol-related sexual assault (SA). The videos included ambiguous and clear behavioral and environmental risk cues.

Method: Focus group discussions with young, female heavy drinkers ( = 42) were used to develop three videos at different risk levels (low, moderate, and high) in Study 1.

Nonmedical use of prescription drugs and related negative sexual events: Prevalence estimates and correlates in college students.

The present study of college students investigated (a) the prevalence of nonmedical use of three classes of prescription drugs (stimulants, anxiolytics/sedatives, analgesics), (b) the prevalence of negative sexual events (NSE) associated with any nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD), and (c) a set of correlates of NSE. The specific NSE were sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, and regretted sex. The correlates of the NSE were sex, race/ethnicity, year in school, psychological symptoms, alcohol use, illegal drug use, and NMUPD.

Perceived controllability of condom use shifts reliance on implicit versus explicit affect.

Objectives: This study integrated the framework of the behavioral affective associations model with dual process theories to investigate whether feelings about condoms operate at both implicit and explicit levels to influence condom use. We then tested whether 2 factors related to the perceived controllability of condom use (perceived behavioral control and past experience losing control in the heat of the moment) moderated the reliance on implicit versus explicit affect.

Method: Sexually active young adults (N = 54) completed measures of implicit and explicit affect surrounding condoms, perceived behavioral control, and whether they attributed their prior unprotected sex to getting lost in the heat of the moment.

Do Drinking Episodes Contribute to Sexual Aggression Perpetration in College Men?

Objective: Survey and experimental analog studies suggest that alcohol consumption contributes to perpetration of sexual aggression. However, few studies have considered the temporal association between naturally occurring episodes of drinking and subsequent sexual aggression. This daily report study was designed to examine whether alcohol consumption increases the odds of aggressive sexual activity within the next 4 hours.

Increasing condom use by changing people's feelings about them: An experimental study.

Objective: Given the well-documented efficacy of condoms as a means of preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection transmission, the low rates of condom use among young adults necessitates a deeper understanding of the factors that influence condom use decision making. The central purpose of the current study was to examine how experimentally manipulated affective associations with condoms influence subsequent behavior in a condom selection task, thereby providing support for a causal relation of affective associations to behavior in this health domain.

Method: Following a baseline assessment of cognitively based beliefs and affective associations, participants' (N = 171) affective associations with condoms were experimentally manipulated with an evaluative conditioning (EC) procedure.

A longitudinal analysis of drinking and victimization in college women: is there a reciprocal relationship?

The purpose of the current study was to assess the relationship between drinking and severe physical and sexual victimization in a sample of 989 college women over 5 years. Participants completed a Web-based survey each fall semester, beginning as first-time incoming freshman, and continuing each year for 5 years. The survey was comprehensive in assessing drinking, victimization, and relevant covariates.

Sexual assault risks among gay and bisexual men.

The goal of this study was to examine lifetime patterns of sexual assault and associated risks among a purposive sample of gay and bisexual men (N = 183; 18 to 35 years old, M = 24.3). Cross-sectional data were collected via written, self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face, event-based qualitative interviews.

Sexual victimization and associated risks among lesbian and bisexual women.

This study examines relationships among childhood sexual abuse (CSA), risky alcohol use, and adult sexual victimization among bisexual and lesbian women. Half (51.2%) of women reported CSA and 71.

The influence of marijuana and alcohol use on condom use behavior: findings from a sample of young adult female bar drinkers.

Prevalence data indicate that alcohol and marijuana are frequently used intoxicants among young adults in the United States. In a number of studies, both alcohol use and marijuana use have been associated with failure to use condoms, a high-risk sexual behavior. The purpose of the current study was to assess the individual and additive effects of alcohol and marijuana use on this risky sexual behavior among 251 young adult, female bar drinkers.

Women bar drinkers' discussions about birth control and risky sexual behavior.

This study evaluated how birth control discussions prior to sexual activity affected condom use in a sample of 225 young women bar drinkers. The use of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) and partner type also were assessed. Data were collected through daily reports and qualitative interviews over 12 weeks.

Daily assessment of alcohol consumption and condom use with known and casual partners among young female bar drinkers.

The relationship between alcohol and condom use has been studied extensively over the past several decades. Reviews of event-level studies suggest that alcohol's effect on risky sexual behavior are not due to simple main effects, but appear to be dependent upon individual characteristics, and situational or contextual factors. In the current study, we assessed the temporal relationship between daily alcohol consumption and unprotected sexual behavior, taking into account sexual partner type (casual or known) as well as individual and situational characteristics among a group of young female bar drinkers.

Predictors of risky sexual behavior with new and regular partners in a sample of women bar drinkers.

Objective: We designed the current study to assess the rates of risky sexual behavior among women bar drinkers, as well as differences in predictors of risky sexual behavior, based on partner type-new or regular.

Method: We conducted comprehensive, in-person interviews with 241 young women who reported weekly drinking in bars. Several constructs (e.

WOMEN'S SOCIAL BEHAVIOR WHEN MEETING NEW MEN: THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL AND CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE.

Heavy alcohol consumption (Testa & Parks, 1996) and childhood sexual abuse (CSA; Messman-Moore & Long, 2003) have been associated with adult sexual victimization. We examined the social behavior of 42 women under two alcohol conditions (high dose and low dose) in a bar laboratory. Women were videotaped interacting with a man they had just met.

Imaging accuracy and incidence of Wilms' and non-Wilms' renal tumors in children.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the actual incidence, age distribution, and preoperative imaging accuracy of non-Wilms' tumors (nWT) in children with renal masses.

Methods: Pathologic reports from all tumor nephrectomies or open renal biopsies performed at a single institution from September 1999 to June 2005 were analyzed. Patient demographics, pathologic findings, specific imaging study descriptors, and differential diagnoses were tabulated.

Factors influencing the temporal relationship between alcohol consumption and experiences with aggression among college women.

The authors assessed temporal relationships among alcohol use, aggression, and mood using daily data from 179 college women. Participants called an interactive voice response system over an 8-week period. The odds of experiencing verbal, sexual, and physical aggression (odd ratios = 2.

A dangerous transition: women's drinking and related victimization from high school to the first year at college.

Objective: The current study assessed women's risk for victimization during the first year at college, based on changes in drinking during the transition from high school to college. We were specifically interested in differential risk for victimization based on women's change in drinking status over the transition to college. We compared continued abstainers with women who began drinking ("new" drinkers) and women who continued drinking but either decreased, increased, or did not change their level of weekly drinking.

Collecting data on alcohol use and alcohol-related victimization: a comparison of telephone and Web-based survey methods.

Objective: Traditionally, personal contact with an experienced interviewer has been thought to facilitate collection of data on alcohol use and victimization experiences. Recent studies indicate that Web-based surveys may be an efficient alternative for gathering these sensitive data. To date, telephone interviewing and Web-based collection of data on alcohol-related negative consequences, particularly victimization, have not been compared.

Capturing the moment: innovative approaches to daily alcohol assessment.

This article is a summary of a symposium presented at the 2005 Research Society on Alcoholism annual conference organized by Dan J. Neal and chaired by William R. Corbin.

Club drugs: reasons for and consequences of use.

This preliminary descriptive study was designed to assess the reasons, primary contexts, and consequences (physical, psychological, lifestyle) of club drug use in a sample of young adults in a mid-size U.S. city.