Rates of screening for sexually transmitted infections in adolescents with and without disabilities.

Background: Individuals with disabilities experience a higher prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) compared to their counterparts without disabilities; however, there is limited data on whether they are screened for STIs at the same rate. The aim of this study was to determine whether adolescents and young adults with disabilities undergo routine screening for STIs at lower rates than individuals without disabilities.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of female patients aged 16-21 years who were seen between July 2021 and August 2023 by pediatrics, internal medicine/pediatrics, or family medicine at a single institution.

Intra- and interobserver agreement in evaluation of image-defined risk factors on computed tomography in pediatric neuroblastoma.

Background: Image-defined risk factors (IDRFs) were introduced to provide a consensus approach for pre-treatment risk stratification on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with neuroblastoma.

Objective: To assess the intra- and inter-reader agreement of radiologists in identifying IDRFs on CT.

Materials And Methods: Approval for this retrospective study was granted by our institutional research ethics board with a waiver of consent.

Risk of behavioural and developmental difficulties in early childhood in the Australian Capital Territory.

Aim: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of risk for developmental and behavioural problems for children in their first year of full-time primary education in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT).

Methods: We conducted an analysis of the 2014-2017 Kindergarten Health Check (KHC), an annual series of complete enumeration surveys of all children in their first year of full-time primary education in the ACT. Risk for developmental and behavioural problems was determined using the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) questionnaire.

Exploring ownership of change and health equity implications in neighborhood change processes: A community-led approach to enhancing just climate resilience in Everett, MA.

Traditional planning processes have perpetuated the exclusion of historically marginalized communities, imposing vulnerability to climate (health) crises. We investigate how ownership of change fosters equitable climate resilience and community well-being through participatory action research. Our study highlights the detrimental effects of climate gentrification on community advocacy for climate security and health, negatively impacting well-being.

Prenatal maternal Inflammation, childhood cognition and adolescent depressive symptoms.

Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that higher prenatal maternal inflammation is associated with increased depression risk in adolescent and adult-aged offspring. Prenatal maternal inflammation (PNMI) may increase the likelihood for offspring to have lower cognitive performance, which, in turn, may heighten risk for depression onset. Therefore, this study explored the potential mediating role of childhood cognitive performance in the relationship between PNMI and adolescent depressive symptoms in offspring.

Evaluating the Digital Health Experience for Patients in Primary Care: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The digital health divide for socioeconomic disadvantage describes a pattern in which patients considered socioeconomically disadvantaged, who are already marginalized through reduced access to face-to-face health care, are additionally hindered through less access to patient-initiated digital health. A comprehensive understanding of how patients with socioeconomic disadvantage access and experience digital health is essential for improving the digital health divide. Primary care patients, especially those with chronic disease, have experience of the stages of initial help seeking and self-management of their health, which renders them a key demographic for research on patient-initiated digital health access.

Endometriosis first presenting in pleural fluid cytology.

Most patients with thoracic endometriosis present with catamenial pneumothorax, a rare condition in which recurrent episodes occur within 72 h before or after the start of menstruation. We report a case of thoracic endometriosis presenting with recurrent bloody pleural effusions without pneumothorax diagnosed on pleural fluid cytology. We describe the cytomorphology and immunoprofile of thoracic endometriosis and discuss the differential diagnoses, including neoplastic processes.

Obstetric and Gynecologic Care for Individuals with Disabilities.

This article explores the inequities experienced by individuals with disabilities when accessing obstetric and gynecologic care. The unique needs, abilities, and barriers to care are reviewed, as well as recommendations for provision of care to people with disabilities.

A novel methodological approach to participant engagement and policy relevance for community-based primary medical care research during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and New Zealand.

Community-based primary care, such as general practice (GP) or urgent care, serves as the primary point of access to healthcare for most Australians and New Zealanders. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created significant and ongoing disruptions to primary care. Traditional research methods have contributed to gaps in understanding the experiences of primary care workers during the pandemic.

Controlling posture to see the world: The integration of visual task demands and postural sway in sitting and standing infants.

Our ability to integrate posture with visually demanding tasks is a critical aspect of motor behavior flexibility. When looking at a small object, excessive body movements impair an individual's ability to visually attend to the object. To overcome this problem, we adjust our postural sway to successfully focus on the object.

A diffuse, pustular eruption in a neonate: Recognizing SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory disease (SAAD).

A 3-week-old baby with hydrops fetalis, acute respiratory failure, and shock of unknown etiology developed a diffuse, pustular rash with worsening inflammatory markers and respiratory status despite antimicrobials. Whole exome sequencing revealed a de novo, frameshift mutation in the SAM9DL gene, leading to the diagnosis of SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory disease.

Working memory performance is related to childhood trauma but not psychotic-like experiences in a nonpsychiatric sample.

Objective: This project seeks to clarify the impact of childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) on working memory (WM) and explore gender differences in these relationships. The effect of childhood trauma on WM performance has yet to be explored in individuals with PLEs, despite consistent associations between trauma, psychosis spectrum symptoms, and WM performance.

Method: In 466 undergraduates, positive PLEs (Prodromal Questionnaire) and trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) were examined to determine contributions to WM performance on a spatial n-back task.

Medical students' perceived comfort and competence performing physical examinations on patients with obesity: A mixed-methods needs assessment.

Physicians are unsatisfied with their training in the care of patients with obesity. Physical examination is a key component of care, and modifications to techniques are often necessary for patients with obesity. To determine learning needs, we examined medical students' perceived comfort and competency in conducting physical examinations on patients with obesity.

Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Obstructed Hemivagina Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis.

Study Objective: Obstructed hemivagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) is a rare congenital Müllerian anomaly. We sought to explore the impact of OHVIRA on pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective chart review identified 8 patients with an OHVIRA diagnosis and at least 1 documented pregnancy.

Childhood trauma, perceived stress and anhedonia in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: multigroup mediation analysis.

Background: Evidence suggests that both childhood trauma and perceived stress are risk factors for the development of psychosis, as well as negative symptoms such as anhedonia. Previous findings link increases in perceived stress to anhedonia in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) and depression; however, the role of childhood trauma in this relationship has not yet been explored, despite consistent evidence that it is associated with sensitisation to later stress.

Aims: To examine whether perceived stress mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and anhedonia in a group of youth at CHR as well as in controls (groups with depression and with no diagnosed mental health concerns).

Paraneoplastic Pemphigus: A Striking Complication of Undiagnosed Lymphoma.

A 49-year-old male with no past medical history presented with acute-onset painful mucosal erosions along with flaccid bullae on his trunk, scalp, and intertriginous areas. The patient initially underwent a skin biopsy which demonstrated suprabasilar acantholysis and lichenoid interface dermatitis. This was followed by a computed tomography scan which identified a large abdominal lymph node.

Environmental Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes in Psychosis: Pre-, Perinatal, and Early Life Adversity.

Risk for psychosis begins to accumulate as early as the fetal period through exposure to obstetric complications like fetal hypoxia, maternal stress, and prenatal infection. Stressors in the postnatal period, such as childhood trauma, peer victimization, and neighborhood-level adversity, further increase susceptibility for psychosis. Cognitive difficulties are among the first symptoms to emerge in individuals who go on to develop a psychotic disorder.

Use of Two Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Devices in a Patient with a Uterus Didelphys: A Case Report.

Background: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are contraindicated in patients with known uterine anomalies, eliminating an extremely effective contraceptive option. However, data regarding contraceptive desires in these patients are limited to a few case reports.

Case: A 20-year-old nulligravida with a uterus didelphys desired contraception after oral contraceptive pills and an etonogestrel implant failed.

COVID-19 vaccinations and counselling: a mixed-methods survey of Australian general practice in July 2021.

Background: GPs are integral to the COVID-19 vaccination rollout, providing education and administering vaccines. We sought to describe how counselling relating to COVID-19 vaccination was impacting Australian general practice consultations.

Methods: We conducted an online, mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey of Australian community-based primary care from 7 to 15 July 2021.

Non-Obstetric Traumatic Vulvar Hematomas in Premenarchal and Postmenarchal Girls.

Background: Traumatic non-obstetrical hematomas of the vulva are rare, and most reports only involve adult patients. There are no data on presentation, management, and outcomes from either conservative or surgical management in pediatric and adolescent patients. The objective of this project was to compare the etiology, treatment, and outcomes of traumatic vulvar hematomas occurring in premenarchal and postmenarchal young women.

Parents' perceptions of their child's weight among children in their first year of primary school: a mixed-methods analysis of an Australian cross-sectional (complete enumeration) study.

Background/objectives: To describe trends in overweight/obesity in early childhood for all children and those whose parents are concerned about their weight. To describe parents' perceptions of their child's weight and differences by their child's anthropometric and sociodemographic factors.

Subjects/methods: Analysis of the Kindergarten Health Check, a survey of all children enrolled in their first year of primary education in the Australian Capital Territory.

Increasing a Dermatologist's Footprint on Instagram: An Analysis of Top Influencers Performing Nonsurgical Cosmetic Procedures.

Background: Patients use social media to find information about cosmetic procedures, yet dermatologists historically lack a social media presence. Misleading information from nonexperts is potentially harmful.

Objective: To identify the top influencers posting about nonsurgical cosmetic procedures on Instagram, verify their credentials, and analyze their content to empower dermatologists to effectively join the online conversation, combat harmful misinformation, and preserve the expertise and influence of board-certified dermatologists.

Obesity management in primary care: systematic review exploring the influence of therapeutic alliance.

Purpose: To identify the influence of the therapeutic alliance on the effectiveness of obesity interventions delivered in primary care.

Method: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of primary care interventions for adult patients living with obesity. Comprehensive search strategy using the terms 'obesity', 'primary care' and 'intervention' of seven databases from 1 January 1998 to March 2018.

Analysis of lesional color to differentiate infantile hemangiomas from port-wine birthmarks in infants less than 3 months old: A pilot study.

Background: In their early phase, infantile hemangiomas (IH) can sometimes be difficult to differentiate from port-wine birthmarks (PWB). Until recently, inexpensive diagnostic tools have not been readily available.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic utility of widely available colorimetric technology when differentiating PWB from IH in photographs of infants less than 3 months old.

Prognostic value of blood pressure in ambulatory heart failure: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Ambulatory blood pressure predicts heart failure prognosis.

Previous primary studies have explored the association between blood pressure (BP) and mortality in ambulatory heart failure (HF) patients reporting varying and contrasting associations. The aim is to determine the pooled BP prognostic value and explore potential reasons for between-study inconsistency. We searched Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE and CINAHL from January 2005 to October 2018 for studies with ≥ 50 events (mortality and/or hospitalization) and included BP in a multivariable model in ambulatory HF patients.