A psychological model of predictive factors of distress following long COVID.

Background: Long COVID, described as "the continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection", is estimated to affect at least 10-20 % of all cases of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Because of its novelty, information regarding the experience of Long COVID is still emerging.

Methods: This study examines psychological distress in two long COVID populations, and their experience of fatigue, cognitive failures, experiential avoidance, rumination, and perceived injustice.

Self-reported immune status and COVID-19 associated subjective cognitive functioning in post-COVID-19 syndrome: Examination of an Irish cohort.

Introduction: Cognitive changes are very frequently reported by people with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), but there is limited understanding of the underpinning mechanisms leading to these difficulties. It is possible that cognitive difficulties are related to immune status and/or low mood. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between immune status and cognitive functioning in PCS, while considering whether depression symptoms also influence this association.

Early inflammatory profiles predict maximal disease severity in COVID-19: An unsupervised cluster analysis.

Background: The inflammatory changes that underlie the heterogeneous presentations of COVID-19 remain incompletely understood. In this study we aimed to identify inflammatory profiles that precede the development of severe COVID-19, that could serve as targets for optimised delivery of immunomodulatory therapies and provide insights for the development of new therapies.

Methods: We included individuals sampled <10 days from COVID-19 symptom onset, recruited from both inpatient and outpatient settings.

Cytosolic condensates rich in polyserine define subcellular sites of tau aggregation.

Tau aggregates are a hallmark of multiple neurodegenerative diseases and can contain RNAs and RNA-binding proteins, including serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 2 (SRRM2) and pinin (PNN). However, how these nuclear proteins mislocalize and their influence on the prion-like propagation of tau aggregates is unknown. We demonstrate that polyserine repeats in SRRM2 and PNN are necessary and sufficient for recruitment to tau aggregates.

Identification of Distinct Long COVID Clinical Phenotypes Through Cluster Analysis of Self-Reported Symptoms.

Background: We aimed to describe the clinical presentation of individuals presenting with prolonged recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), known as long COVID.

Methods: This was an analysis within a multicenter, prospective cohort study of individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and persistent symptoms >4 weeks from onset of acute symptoms. We performed a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) on the most common self-reported symptoms and hierarchical clustering on the results of the MCA to identify symptom clusters.

Dynamic Change and Clinical Relevance of Postinfectious SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses.

Background: Although reports suggest that most individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop detectable antibodies postinfection, the kinetics, durability, and relative differences between immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses beyond the first few weeks after symptom onset remain poorly understood.

Methods: Within a large, well-phenotyped, diverse, prospective cohort of subjects with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed infection and historical controls derived from cohorts with high prevalence of viral coinfections and samples taken during prior flu seasons, we measured SARS-CoV-2 serological responses (both IgG and IgM) using commercially available assays. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and relationship with disease severity and mapped the kinetics of antibody responses over time using generalized additive models.

The National Children's Study Archive Model: A 3-Tier Framework for Dissemination of Data and Specimens for General Use and Secondary Analysis.

The National Children's Study (NCS) Archive was created as a repository of samples, data, and information from the NCS Vanguard Study-a longitudinal pregnancy and birth cohort evaluating approaches to study influence of environmental exposures on child health and development-to provide qualified researchers with access to NCS materials for use in secondary research. The National Children's Study Archive (NCSA) model is a 3-tiered access model designed to make the wealth of information and materials gathered during the NCS Vanguard Study available at a user appropriate level. The NCSA model was developed as a 3-tier framework, for users of varying access levels, providing intuitive data exploration and visualization tools, an end-to-end data and sample request management system, and a restricted portal for participant-level data access with a team of experts available to assist users.

H/ACA snoRNA levels are regulated during stem cell differentiation.

H/ACA small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) guide pseudouridylation as part of a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex (snoRNP). Disruption of H/ACA snoRNA levels in stem cells impairs pluripotency, yet it remains unclear how H/ACA snoRNAs contribute to differentiation. To determine if H/ACA snoRNA levels are dynamic during differentiation, we comprehensively profiled H/ACA snoRNA abundance in multiple murine cell types and during differentiation in three cellular models, including mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse myoblasts.

Association of Early-Life Social and Digital Media Experiences With Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder-Like Symptoms.

Importance: Despite growing evidence that parent-child interactions and time viewing digital media affect child development, these factors have rarely been studied in association with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms.

Objective: To determine the association of experiential factors, including social activities and screen viewing in the first 18 months of life, perinatal factors, and demographic factors, with ASD-like symptoms and risk on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) at 2 years.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data for this cohort study were derived from the National Children's Study, a US multicenter epidemiological study of environmental influences on child health and development.

Engineering a conserved RNA regulatory protein repurposes its biological function .

PUF (milio/BF) RNA-binding proteins recognize distinct elements. In , PUF-8 binds to an 8-nt motif and restricts proliferation in the germline. Conversely, FBF-2 recognizes a 9-nt element and promotes mitosis.

Diverse Regulators of Human Ribosome Biogenesis Discovered by Changes in Nucleolar Number.

Ribosome biogenesis is a highly regulated, essential cellular process. Although studies in yeast have established some of the biological principles of ribosome biogenesis, many of the intricacies of its regulation in higher eukaryotes remain unknown. To understand how ribosome biogenesis is globally integrated in human cells, we conducted a genome-wide siRNA screen for regulators of nucleolar number.

Nop9 is a PUF-like protein that prevents premature cleavage to correctly process pre-18S rRNA.

Numerous factors direct eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis, and defects in a single ribosome assembly factor may be lethal or produce tissue-specific human ribosomopathies. Pre-ribosomal RNAs (pre-rRNAs) must be processed stepwise and at the correct subcellular locations to produce the mature rRNAs. Nop9 is a conserved small ribosomal subunit biogenesis factor, essential in yeast.

The molecular basis for ANE syndrome revealed by the large ribosomal subunit processome interactome.

ANE syndrome is a ribosomopathy caused by a mutation in an RNA recognition motif of RBM28, a nucleolar protein conserved to yeast (Nop4). While patients with ANE syndrome have fewer mature ribosomes, it is unclear how this mutation disrupts ribosome assembly. Here we use yeast as a model system and show that the mutation confers growth and pre-rRNA processing defects.

American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) Position Paper for the Use of Telemedicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sleep Disorders.

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine's (AASM) Taskforce on Sleep Telemedicine supports telemedicine as a means of advancing patient health by improving access to the expertise of Board-Certified Sleep Medicine Specialists. However, such access improvement needs to be anchored in attention to quality and value in diagnosing and treating sleep disorders. Telemedicine is also useful to promote professionalism through patient care coordination and communication between other specialties and sleep medicine.

A protein interaction map of the LSU processome.

Maturation of the large ribosomal subunit (LSU) in eukaryotes is a complex and highly coordinated process that requires the concerted action of a large, dynamic, ribonucleoprotein complex, the LSU processome. While we know that >80 ribosome biogenesis factors are required throughout the course of LSU assembly, little is known about how these factors interact with each other within the LSU processome. To interrogate its organization and architecture, we took a systems biology approach and performed a semi-high-throughput, array-based, directed yeast two-hybrid assay.

A divergent Pumilio repeat protein family for pre-rRNA processing and mRNA localization.

Pumilio/feminization of XX and XO animals (fem)-3 mRNA-binding factor (PUF) proteins bind sequence specifically to mRNA targets using a single-stranded RNA-binding domain comprising eight Pumilio (PUM) repeats. PUM repeats have now been identified in proteins that function in pre-rRNA processing, including human Puf-A and yeast Puf6. This is a role not previously ascribed to PUF proteins.

Tissue specific roles for the ribosome biogenesis factor Wdr43 in zebrafish development.

During vertebrate craniofacial development, neural crest cells (NCCs) contribute to most of the craniofacial pharyngeal skeleton. Defects in NCC specification, migration and differentiation resulting in malformations in the craniofacial complex are associated with human craniofacial disorders including Treacher-Collins Syndrome, caused by mutations in TCOF1. It has been hypothesized that perturbed ribosome biogenesis and resulting p53 mediated neuroepithelial apoptosis results in NCC hypoplasia in mouse Tcof1 mutants.

Driving nucleolar assembly.

In this issue of Genes & Development, Grob and colleagues (pp. 220-230) identify the minimal molecular requirements to assemble a fully functional nucleolus in human cells and demonstrate the importance of the nucleolar transcription factor upstream binding factor (UBF) as a mitotic bookmark at the ribosomal DNA (rDNA).

Genetics. Mysterious ribosomopathies.

Ribosomes are essential in all cell types, yet mutations to ribosomal proteins or assembly factors cause tissue-specific disease.

Long noncoding RNAs as sinks in Prader-Willi syndrome.

In this issue of Molecular Cell, Yin et al. (2012) identify a class of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and propose a new mechanism as to how they contribute to the pathogenesis of Prader-Willi syndrome.

NOL11, implicated in the pathogenesis of North American Indian childhood cirrhosis, is required for pre-rRNA transcription and processing.

The fundamental process of ribosome biogenesis requires hundreds of factors and takes place in the nucleolus. This process has been most thoroughly characterized in baker's yeast and is generally well conserved from yeast to humans. However, some of the required proteins in yeast are not found in humans, raising the possibility that they have been replaced by functional analogs.