Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Urea Derivatives via PhI(OAc) and Application in Late-Stage Drug Functionalization.

Unsymmetrical urea derivatives are essential structural motifs in a wide array of biologically significant compounds. Despite the well-established methods for synthesizing symmetrical ureas, efficient strategies for the synthesis of unsymmetrical urea derivatives remain limited. In this study, we present a novel approach for the synthesis of unsymmetrical urea derivatives through the coupling of amides and amines.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy (WE) Associated with Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) Presenting with Psychiatric Morbidity: Description of Two Cases.

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) refers to intractable vomiting during pregnancy and is rarely associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). HG-associated WE can lead to mortality and permanent cognitive impairment if left untreated. In this report, we present two cases of WE following HG occurring in the context of comorbid severe depression.

In vitro evaluation of acaricidal activity of eugenol and benzaldehyde against Rhipicephalus annulatus.

Economic importance of ticks for both humans and animals is significant primarily because of their involvement in disease transmission. The continuous use of synthetic chemical acaricides on animals and/or in the environment has resulted in the emergence of resistant tick populations. Consequently, there is a compelling need to explore newer natural alternatives that can address their adverse effects effectively.

Metal free cross-dehydrogenative N-N coupling of primary amides with Lewis basic amines.

Hydrazides, N-N containing structural motifs, are important due to their presence in a wide variety of biologically significant compounds. While the homo N-N coupling of two NH moieties to form the hydrazide N-N bond is well developed, the cross-dehydrogenative hetero N-N coupling remains very unevolved. Here we present an efficient intermolecular N-N cross-coupling of a series of primary benzamides with broad range of Lewis basic primary and secondary amines using PhI(OAc) as both a terminal oxidant and a cross-coupling mediator, without the need for metal catalysts, high temperatures, and inert atmospheres, and with substantial potential for use in the late-stage functionalization of drugs.

Brief interventions for alcohol misuse among people living with HIV: a meta-analysis.

One-third of people living with HIV (PLHIV) have alcohol misuse or alcohol use disorders which negatively affect course and outcome of HIV. The meta-analysis sought to evaluate the effectiveness of brief interventions (BI) on alcohol and HIV outcomes in PLHIV with alcohol misuse. We included clinical trials published between 1990 and September 2022 on adults with harmful/hazardous alcohol use; only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis.

Acute and transient psychotic disorders: A review of Indian research.

Background: Acute and transient psychotic disorder (ATPD) was recognized as separate from other psychotic disorders and described in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) tenth revision for the first time. A lot of research on ATPD has been conducted in India over the last six decades, but a review focusing exclusively on Indian research on ATPD is not available.

Aim: This paper aims to review the literature on ATPD emerging from India.

The clinical profile and outcome of patients receiving continuation electroconvulsive therapy (C-ECT): A retrospective study.

Background: There is a lack of data on the use of continuation electroconvulsive therapy (C-ECT) from India.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile and outcome of patients receiving C-ECT.

Materials And Methods: The ECT register was used to identify patients receiving C-ECT (ECT after completion of an acute course, to maintain remission or prevent relapse) from 2011 to July 2022.

Does Prescription Length of Buprenorphine Influence Treatment Outcomes in Opioid Use Disorder? A Retrospective Cohort Study from North India.

Objective: Buprenorphine (BUP) effectively suppresses non-prescription opioid use and increases treatment retention in opioid use disorder (OUD). However, short prescription length may interfere with treatment retention and recovery. We wanted to examine whether the outcomes of BUP treatment differ in high (HPL up to 4 wk) and low-prescription (LPL 1-2 wk) length groups.

Iridium catalysed C2 site-selective methylation of indoles using a pivaloyl directing group through weak chelation-assistance.

Here we present an iridium catalysed C2-selective methylation of indoles using methyltrifluoroborate as a source of methyl group. The iridium catalyst selectively discriminates the indole C2 and C4 C-H bonds by coordination with a pivaloyl directing group.

Development of a protocol for videoconferencing-based exposure and response prevention treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The existing literature indicates that psychotherapeutic treatment, especially exposure and response prevention (ERP) is efficacious in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic adversely impacted many patients with OCD and disrupted their usual treatment. Moreover, the pandemic forced a global switch to telemental health (TMH) services to maintain the standards and continuity of care.

Electrochemical rhodium catalysed alkyne annulation with pyrazoles through anodic oxidation - a metal oxidant/additive free methodology.

Pyrazole and its derivatives are important azole heteroarenes prevalent in pharmaceutical compounds and have been used as ligands for protein binding, making them valuable targets for synthetic applications. Herein we disclose an electrochemical intermolecular C-H/N-H oxidative annulation of 2-phenylpyrazoles with alkynes using a rhodium(III) redox regime without any external metal oxidants in a water compatible solvent system. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes were shown to be compatible with the optimized conditions.

Diyne-steered switchable regioselectivity in cobalt(II)-catalysed C(sp)-H activation of amides with unsymmetrical 1,3-diynes.

The regiochemical outcome of a cobalt(II) catalysed C-H activation reaction of aminoquinoline benzamides with unsymmetrical 1,3-diynes under relatively mild reaction conditions can be steered through the choice of diyne. The choice of diyne provides access to either 3- or 4-hydroxyalkyl isoquinolinones, paving the way for the synthesis of more highly elaborate isoquinolines.

Clozapine research from India: A systematic review.

Background: Although clozapine is much researched in western literature, a review on Indian research on clozapine published in 2010 reported limited data and need for further research in this area.

Aim: We aimed to conduct a systematic review of research on clozapine from India from 2010 to mid-2022 and also compare the same with research output before 2010.

Methodology: A systematic various search engines, i.

Efficacy of Brief Interventions for Comorbid Substance Misuse in Patients on Opioid Agonist Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Multiple substance use is a common but underrecognized problem in patients on opioid agonist treatment (OAT). Co-occurring substance misuse is associated with poor clinical and psychosocial outcomes. We aimed ( a ) to determine the effect of screening and brief intervention (SBI) for substance misuse in people on OAT and (b) to qualitatively summarize the implementation of SBI.

A Scoping Review of the Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Dysfunction in Adults With Substance use Disorders.

Background: Substance use may affect sexual functioning in both men and women. Comorbid sexual dysfunction adds to the clinical burden of substance use disorders (SUD).

Aims: The broad aims were to identify research conduct, types of the available evidence, and research gaps in (i) estimating the incidence, prevalence, type, and severity of sexual dysfunction in adults with SUD; (ii) exploring correlates of sexual dysfunction in SUD.

Physicians' Reactions to COVID-19: The Results of a Preliminary International Internet Survey.

Objectives: Physicians across the world have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was designed and conducted to assess the emotional and behavioural reactions of physicians to the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Subjects And Methods: An online survey questionnaire using the google forms platform was constructed by the authors.

The Experience and Reactions towards Stage 1 COVID-19 among Junior Doctors in India.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is the first modern pandemic and has occurred in an era of social media ubiquity. Despite being in stage 1 of the pandemic, and low numbers of patients, various emotional and behavioral changes were observed in junior doctors. This study was designed to assess the experience and reactions of junior doctors in a tertiary teaching hospital in North India and Tamil Nadu in the immediate aftermath of the nation-wide lockdown.

A study of emotional states in candidates undergoing the diagnostic process for COVID-19.

Background: Waiting for results is often associated with a state of anxiety and restlessness. The current study is intended to study the emotional state of people waiting for their results after undergoing COVID-19 testing.

Methods: A descriptive study was done among 140 participants enrolled by simple random technique over a period of 1 month in May 2020.