Calcitriol-Mediated Hypercalcemia Due to Liver Metastases in a Patient With Primary Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

Hypercalcemia is most commonly associated with primary hyperparathyroidism or malignancy in the setting of elevated parathyroid hormone-related protein or bone metastases. Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D)-mediated hypercalcemia is rare and typically associated with granulomatous conditions; however, other solid-organ etiologies have been reported. Here, we detail the case of a 62-year-old man with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) with hypercalcemia refractory to traditional bisphosphonate therapy in the setting of vastly elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.

WHO antenatal care policy and prevention of malaria in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: The WHO 2016 antenatal care (ANC) policy recommends at least eight antenatal contacts during pregnancy. This study assessed ANC8 uptake following policy implementation and explored the relationship between ANC attendance and intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) coverage in sub-Saharan Africa following the rollout of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 ANC policy, specifically, to assess differences in IPTp uptake between women attending eight versus four ANC contacts.

Methods: A secondary analysis of data from 20 sub-Saharan African countries with available Demographic Health and Malaria Indicator surveys from 2018 to 2023 was performed.

Antenatal care services in Benin and Tanzania 2021/2022: an equity analysis study.

Introduction: Antenatal care (ANC) interventions improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, access to ANC may be inequitable due to sociocultural, monetary and time factors. Examining drivers of ANC disparities may identify those amenable to policy change.

Patient-reported burden associated with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma diagnosis.

Pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGLs) originate from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla or neural crest progenitors outside the adrenal gland, respectively. The estimated annual incidence of PPGL is between 2.0 and 8.

Understanding Antenatal Care Service Quality for Malaria in Pregnancy through Supportive Supervision Data in Tanzania.

Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is associated with maternal anemia, spontaneous abortion, and infant and maternal death. In Tanzania, MiP service data are collected through routine Malaria Services and Data Quality Improvement (MSDQI) supportive supervision rounds at antenatal care (ANC) facilities. Using structured assessment tools, the U.

Experiences in Improving the Quality of Community-Based Fever Management from Three Malaria-Endemic African Countries.

The WHO affirms that trained, supervised, and supported community health workers (CHWs) can deliver high-quality health services effectively and has called for documentation of enabling factors, needs, and implementation strategies of successful CHW programs. In response, the U.S.

Use of Supervision Data to Improve Quality of Care for Malaria in Pregnancy: Experience in Six African Countries.

Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) intervention coverage, especially intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), lags behind other global malaria indicators. In 2020, across Africa, only 32% of eligible pregnant women received at least three IPTp doses, despite high antenatal care attendance. We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected during Outreach Training and Supportive Supervision visits from 2019 to 2020 to assess quality of care and explore factors contributing to providers' competence in providing IPTp, insecticide-treated nets, malaria case management, and respectful maternity care.

The Effects of Patient Characteristics on the Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Survey of Faculty and Trainees.

Objective: There is no universal approach to the management of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). This study was designed to determine the impact of patient characteristics on management decisions in SCH amongst physician faculty members and trainees.

Methods: An online survey was distributed to faculty members and medical trainees (ie, interns, residents, and fellows) at multiple academic medical centers.

Using antenatal care as a platform for malaria surveillance data collection: study protocol.

Background: While many malaria-endemic countries have health management information systems that can measure and report malaria trends in a timely manner, these routine systems have limitations. Periodic community cross-sectional household surveys are used to estimate malaria prevalence and intervention coverage but lack geographic granularity and are resource intensive. Incorporating malaria testing for all women at their first antenatal care (ANC) visit (i.

Analysis of Female Participant Representation in Registered Oncology Clinical Trials in the United States from 2008 to 2020.

Background: Female underrepresentation in oncology clinical trials can result in outcome disparities. We evaluated female participant representation in US oncology trials by intervention type, cancer site, and funding.

Materials And Methods: Data were extracted from the publicly available Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.

Community-based delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in Burkina Faso: a qualitative study.

Background: Burkina Faso is among ten countries with the highest rates of malaria cases and deaths in the world. Delivery and coverage of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) is insufficient in Burkina Faso; In a 2016 survey, only 22% of eligible women had received their third dose of IPTp. It is also an extremely rural country and one with an established cadre of community healthcare workers (CHWs).

Malaria case management and elimination readiness in health facilities of five districts of Madagascar in 2018.

Background: Madagascar's Malaria National Strategic Plan 2018-2022 calls for progressive malaria elimination beginning in low-incidence districts (< 1 case/1000 population). Optimizing access to prompt diagnosis and quality treatment and improving outbreak detection and response will be critical to success. A malaria elimination readiness assessment (MERA) was performed in health facilities (HFs) of selected districts targeted for malaria elimination.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of SDHB-related pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma in children and adolescents.

Purpose: Pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PHEOs/PGLs) are rare in children with only a few SDHB mutation-related cases. Previous studies on children were conducted in small cohorts. This large set of pediatric patients provides robust data in the evaluation of clinical outcomes.

Determinants of uptake of intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy: a review.

Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) contributes to devastating maternal and neonatal outcomes. Coverage of intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) remains alarmingly low. Data was compiled from MiP programme reviews and performed a literature search on access to and determinants of IPTp.

A Family With a Carotid Body Paraganglioma and Thyroid Neoplasias With a New Germline Variant.

At least 30% of all pheochromocytomas (PCCs)/paragangliomas (PGLs) arise in patients with a germline predisposition syndrome. Variants in succinate dehydrogenase subunits A, B, C, and D ( and ) are the most common pathogenic germline alterations. Few pathogenic variants have been reported in succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 () Here, we describe a 30-year-old female patient who presented with a left-sided neck mass, which was later characterized as a carotid body PGL.

Eruption of Metastatic Paraganglioma After Successful Therapy with Lu/Y-DOTATOC and Lu-DOTATATE.

Abstract: Metastatic paraganglioma treatment options are limited. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has been introduced as a novel management option for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors demonstrating safety, efficacy, and increased quality of life. We present two cases of marked progression of metastatic paraganglioma following initial partial response to PRRT.

A renewed focus on preventing malaria in pregnancy.

While much progress has been achieved globally in the fight against malaria, the significant financial investments made to date have not translated into scaled-up malaria in pregnancy (MiP) prevention efforts. Mothers and newborns remain at risk, and now is the time to refocus efforts. Against the backdrop of a new global health architecture embodied by the principles of Every Women, Every Child and driven by the work of the H6 Partnership, Global Financing Facility, strong bilaterals and key financiers, there is a new and timely juncture to advocate for MiP.

Continued Tumor Reduction of Metastatic Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Harboring Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunit B Mutations with Cyclical Chemotherapy.

Patients harboring germline mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit B (SDHB) gene present with pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) that are more likely malignant and clinically aggressive. The combination chemotherapy cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dacarbazine (CVD) was retrospectively evaluated in patients with SDHB-associated metastatic PPGL.Query Twelve metastatic PPGL patients harboring SDHB mutations/polymorphisms with undetectable SDHB immunostaining were treated with CVD.

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA: A GENETIC AND DIAGNOSTIC UPDATE.

Objective: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are neuroendocrine tumors derived from adrenal or extra-adrenal locations, respectively. Upon suspicion of PPGL, specific metabolomic, molecular, biochemical, imaging, and histopathologic studies are performed to prove, localize, treat, and monitor disease progression. Improved diagnostic tools allow physicians to accurately diagnose PPGL, even in patients presenting with small (<1 cm) or biochemically silent tumors, which previously delayed proper detection and treatment.

The kielin/chordin-like protein (KCP) attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome in mice.

Obesity and its associated complications such as insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are reaching epidemic proportions. In mice, the TGF-β superfamily is implicated in the regulation of white and brown adipose tissue differentiation. The kielin/chordin-like protein (KCP) is a secreted regulator of the TGF-β superfamily pathways that can inhibit both TGF-β and activin signals while enhancing bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.

Anthracyclines suppress pheochromocytoma cell characteristics, including metastasis, through inhibition of the hypoxia signaling pathway.

Pheochromocytomas (PHEOs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare, neuroendocrine tumors derived from adrenal or extra-adrenal chromaffin cells, respectively. Metastases are discovered in 3-36% of patients at the time of diagnosis. Currently, only suboptimal treatment options exist.