Routine HIV screening in North Carolina in the era of the Affordable Care Act: update on laws, reimbursement, and tests.

Eighteen percent of the 1.2 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in the United States are undiagnosed, with North Carolina accounting for the eighth largest number of new HIV diagnoses in 2011. In an effort to identify more HIV-infected individuals by reducing physician barriers to HIV testing, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have expanded their HIV screening recommendations to adolescents and adults without HIV risk factors or behaviors, eliminated federal requirements for pretest counseling, and modified the informed consent process.