The ABCD and HBCD Studies: Longitudinal Studies to Inform Prevention Science.

Increasing rates of overdose among U.S. adolescents and young adults, along with rising rates of emotional distress in these groups, are renewing the urgency for developmentally targeted and personalized substance use and other mental health prevention interventions.

Communications, engagement, and dissemination strategies for the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. Study success depends on the engagement and inclusion of diverse populations of pregnant participants and their children across the United States, including those at high and low risk for prenatal substance use. The Communications, Engagement, and Dissemination (CED) Committee is responsible for the development and implementation of a strategy to promote awareness about the study, encourage participation, and engage HBCD families, community partners, and collaborators.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HBCD): NIH collaboration to understand the impacts of prenatal and early life experiences on brain development.

The human brain undergoes rapid development during the first years of life. Beginning in utero, a wide array of biological, social, and environmental factors can have lasting impacts on brain structure and function. To understand how prenatal and early life experiences alter neurodevelopmental trajectories and shape health outcomes, several NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices collaborated to support and launch the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study.

Altered pubertal timing in 7q11.23 copy number variations and associated genetic mechanisms.

Pubertal timing, including age at menarche (AAM), is a heritable trait linked to lifetime health outcomes. Here, we investigate genetic mechanisms underlying AAM by combining genome-wide association study (GWAS) data with investigations of two rare genetic conditions clinically associated with altered AAM: Williams syndrome (WS), a 7q11.23 hemideletion characterized by early puberty; and duplication of the same genes (7q11.

Using machine learning to predict individual patient toxicities from cancer treatments.

Purpose: Machine learning (ML) is a powerful tool for interrogating datasets and learning relationships between multiple variables. We utilized a ML model to identify those early breast cancer (EBC) patients at highest risk of developing severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS).

Methods: A gradient boosted decision model utilizing cross-sectional survey data from 360 EBC patients was created.

Vasomotor symptoms in early breast cancer-a "real world" exploration of the patient experience.

Background: Despite the frequency of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in patients with early breast cancer (EBC), their optimal management remains unknown. A patient survey was performed to determine perspectives on this important clinical challenge.

Methods: Patients with EBC experiencing VMS participated in an anonymous survey.

Breast cancer in Indigenous women living in Canada: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to describe and synthesize the current state of knowledge pertaining to breast cancer in Indigenous women living in Canada. We will examine the continuum of breast cancer care in this population, including breast cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance.

Introduction: Breast cancer in Indigenous women is an evolving health care concern in Canada, with mounting evidence suggesting that these women present at later stages, and have poorer survival rates compared with the general population.

Developing patient-centred strategies to optimize the management of vasomotor symptoms in breast cancer patients: a survey of health care providers.

Purpose: Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) such as hot flashes and night sweats are common in breast cancer patients and can affect both quality of life and treatment adherence. However, there is limited practical data to guide clinicians in the optimal selection of therapeutic strategies. A survey of health care providers was performed to better understand perspectives and prescribing practices for managing this problem.

The NIMH Intramural Longitudinal Study of the Endocrine and Neurobiological Events Accompanying Puberty: Protocol and rationale for methods and measures.

Delineating the relationship between human neurodevelopment and the maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis during puberty is critical for investigating the increase in vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders that is well documented during this period. Preclinical research demonstrates a clear association between gonadal production of sex steroids and neurodevelopment; however, identifying similar associations in humans has been complicated by confounding variables (such as age) and the coactivation of two additional endocrine systems (the adrenal androgenic system and the somatotropic growth axis) and requires further elucidation. In this paper, we present the design of, and preliminary observations from, the ongoing NIMH Intramural Longitudinal Study of the Endocrine and Neurobiological Events Accompanying Puberty.

Beyond linearity in neuroimaging: Capturing nonlinear relationships with application to longitudinal studies.

The ubiquitous adoption of linearity for quantitative predictors in statistical modeling is likely attributable to its advantages of straightforward interpretation and computational feasibility. The linearity assumption may be a reasonable approximation especially when the variable is confined within a narrow range, but it can be problematic when the variable's effect is non-monotonic or complex. Furthermore, visualization and model assessment of a linear fit are usually omitted because of challenges at the whole brain level in neuroimaging.

Comparing Interventions for Management of Hot Flashes in Patients With Breast and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses.

Problem Identification: Hot flashes are common and bothersome in patients with breast and prostate cancer and can adversely affect patients' quality of life.

Literature Search: Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of one or more interventions for hot flashes in patients with a history of breast or prostate cancer.

Data Evaluation: Outcomes of interest included changes in hot flash severity, hot flash frequency, quality of life, and harms.