Predicting Post-Operative Side Effects in VIM MRgFUS Based on THalamus Optimized Multi Atlas Segmentation (THOMAS) on White-Matter-Nulled MRI: A Retrospective Study.

Background And Purpose: Precise and individualized targeting of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus for the MR-guided focused ultrasound is crucial for enhancing treatment efficacy and avoiding undesirable side effects. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the spatial relationships between Thalamus Optimized Multi Atlas Segmentation derived segmentations and the post-focused ultrasound lesion can predict post-operative side effects in patients treated with MR-guided focused ultrasound.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 30 patients (essential tremor, n = 26; tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, n = 4) who underwent unilateral ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus focused ultrasound treatment.

Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung diseases and mortality post-cryobiopsy: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a group of pulmonary disorders affecting the lung's structure. Acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD) following medical procedures is a significant clinical concern. Lung cryoprobe transbronchial biopsy (cryobiopsy) is a relatively new diagnostic technique for ILD, but data on AE-ILD post-cryobiopsy is limited.

Craniofacial studies in chicken embryos confirm the pathogenicity of human FZD2 variants associated with Robinow syndrome.

Robinow syndrome is a rare disease caused by variants of seven WNT pathway genes. Craniofacial features include widening of the nasal bridge and jaw hypoplasia. We used the chicken embryo to test whether two missense human FZD2 variants (1301G>T, p.

Optimizing Neurology Inpatient Documentation: A Pilot Study of a Novel Discharge Documentation EHR Tool.

Background And Purpose: Clinical documentation of patient acuity is a major determinant of payer reimbursement. This project aimed to improve case mix index (CMI) by incorporating a novel electronic health record (EHR) discharge documentation tool into the inpatient general neurology service at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center.

Methods: We used data from Vizient AMC Hospital: Risk Model Summary for Clinical Data Base (CBD) 2017 to create a discharge diagnosis documentation tool consisting of dropdown menus to better capture relevant secondary diagnoses and comorbidities.

Manifestations and Management of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole-Resistant Nocardia otitidiscaviarum Infection.

Nocardia can cause systemic infections with varying manifestations. Resistance patterns vary by species. We describe N.

A Chemical Characterization Workflow for Nontargeted Analysis of Complex Extracts from Polymer Based Medical Device Using High Resolution LC/MS.

The chemical characterization of extractables and leachables (E&Ls) is an important aspect of biosafety and biocompatibility assessment in medical device industry. The advent of the body-contact use of medical devices in patient treatment has introduced a potential source for extractables and leachables as these medical devices are comprised of various polymeric materials. Several industry working groups, the FDA and USP, have recognized the guidance for chemical characterizations and nontargeted analysis of medical device extracts, such as ISO 10993-18:2020.

Mechanistic studies in Drosophila and chicken give new insights into functions of DVL1 in dominant Robinow syndrome.

The study of rare genetic diseases provides valuable insights into human gene function. The autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive forms of Robinow syndrome are genetically heterogeneous, and the common theme is that all the mutations lie in genes in Wnt signaling pathways. Cases diagnosed with Robinow syndrome do survive to adulthood with distinct skeletal phenotypes, including limb shortening and craniofacial abnormalities.

Chemical Characterization of Leachables in Catheter Device.

Extractables or leachables of biomaterials or residues of additives used in the manufacturing process that are potentially released from a medical device may have an adverse effect on a patient. Chemical characterization of leachable chemicals and degradation products in a medical device is an important aspect of its overall biocompatibility assessment process, which helps to ensure that the therapeutical benefits exceed the potential biological risks associated with the use of the device or its components or materials. By evaluating the types and amounts of chemicals that may migrate from a device to a patient during clinical use, potential toxicological risks can be assessed.

Right Brain: The Purple Scarf and the Cortical Ribbon.

A patient with probable Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (CJD) who was previously a high-functioning financial analyst remains fiercely independent despite her family's concerns about her safety. As a trainee with limited experience in leading these difficult conversations, this neurology resident describes her experience reconciling the viewpoints of herself, the patient, and her family. She reflects on the ability to reframe this delicate conversation from one of loss of independence in a patient with a rapidly progressive, neurodegenerative condition to one of safety, security, and the care of her family.

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis With and Without Autoimmune Features: A Clinical Comparative Analysis.

Background: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) caused by an immunological reaction to repeated inhalational exposure to antigens. The etiology and exact immunopathology are poorly understood. Autoimmunity overlapping with HP has been described but the role of concomitant autoimmunity in the clinical course and outcome of the HP is not clearly established.

Comparing the effect of virtual and in-person instruction on students' performance in a design for additive manufacturing learning activity.

The goal of this work is to compare the outcome of a design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) heuristics lesson conducted in a virtual learning environment to the same in an in-person learning environment. Prior work revealed that receiving DfAM heuristics at different points in the design process impacts the quality and novelty of designs produced afterward, but this work may have been limited by the solely virtual format. In this work, an identical experiment was performed in a face-to-face learning environment.

Facial diplegia with paresthesia associated with anti-GD1a antibodies.

A 26-year-old previously healthy man presented with progressive facial diplegia and sensory deficits to pinprick in a stocking-glove distribution. Lumbar puncture revealed cytoalbuminologic dissociation, and a nerve conduction study of the right facial nerve demonstrated a proximal demyelinating process. He was started on intravenous immunoglobulin given concern for a Guillain-Barré syndrome variant, and his symptoms improved over several days.

Emerging Subspecialties in Neurology: A Career as a Clinical Trialist in Neurology.

The recent therapeutic advances in the field of neurology highlight the importance of ongoing clinical trials. However, while clinical research in neurology has remained relatively stable over the past 10 years, there has been an interval decrease in neuroscience applicants for NIH funding, which has raised concerns about the pipeline and future of clinical research in neurology. Those interested in such a career can begin by identifying a preclinical neuroscience advance that has yet to be translated into clinical trial work or a clinical area of need based on conversations with patients and families.

DNA methylation-based surrogates of plasma proteins are associated with Parkinson's disease risk.

Background: The epigenome may reflect Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, which serves as a point of convergence of genetic and environmental risk factors. Here, we investigate whether blood DNA methylation (DNAm) markers are associated with PD risk.

Methods: We selected 12 plasma proteins known as predictors of cardiovascular conditions and mortality to evaluate their effects on PD risk in a case-control study.

Tooth Removal in the Leopard Gecko and the Formation of Replacement Teeth.

Many reptiles are able to continuously replace their teeth through life, an ability attributed to the existence of epithelial stem cells. Tooth replacement occurs in a spatially and temporally regulated manner, suggesting the involvement of diffusible factors, potentially over long distances. Here, we locally disrupted tooth replacement in the leopard gecko () and followed the recovery of the dentition.

Symmetry and fluctuation of cell movements in neural crest-derived facial mesenchyme.

In the face, symmetry is established when bilateral streams of neural crest cells leave the neural tube at the same time, follow identical migration routes and then give rise to the facial prominences. However, developmental instability exists, particularly surrounding the steps of lip fusion. The causes of instability are unknown but inability to cope with developmental fluctuations are a likely cause of congenital malformations, such as non-syndromic orofacial clefts.

Robinow syndrome skeletal phenotypes caused by the WNT5AC83S variant are due to dominant interference with chondrogenesis.

Heterozygous missense mutations in several genes in the WNT5A signaling pathway cause autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 1 (DRS1). Our objective was to clarify the functional impact of a missense mutation in WNT5A on the skeleton, one of the main affected tissues in RS. We delivered avian replication competent retroviruses (RCAS) containing human wild-type WNT5A (wtWNT5A), WNT5AC83S variant or GFP/AlkPO4 control genes to the chicken embryo limb.

Incorporating industrial design pedagogy into a mechanical engineering graphics course: a discipline-based education research (DBER) approach.

Background: A redesigned curriculum for teaching engineering graphics was adopted in an introductory mechanical engineering course. The rollout of this curriculum was staggered, allowing for comparisons of student perceptions across the newly revised and previous instructional approaches. The new curriculum borrows from content and pedagogy traditionally employed in industrial design courses.

Genetic association study of NLRP1, CARD, and CASP1 inflammasome genes with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy among Trypanosoma cruzi seropositive patients in Bolivia.

About 20-30% of people infected with Chagas disease present with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), the most serious and frequent manifestation of the disease, while others remain asymptomatic and often do not experience Chagas-specific mortality. It is not currently well understood what causes these differential disease outcomes, but a genetic predisposition within the host could play an important role. This study examined variants in the NLRP1, CARD, and CASP1 inflammasome genes among 62 T.

Hospital and demographic characteristics associated with inpatient neurological services in the United States.

Objective: To determine nationwide availability and factors associated with inpatient neurological services.

Patients And Methods: Using the 2011 American Hospital Association survey, we determined the proportion of hospitals that provided inpatient neurological services. Demographic and household data from the 2010 national census and survey results were utilized to determine regional factors associated with the availability of inpatient neurologic services.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived lung progenitor and alveolar epithelial cells attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury.

Background Aims: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by disrupted lung growth, is the most common complication in extreme premature infants. BPD leads to persistent pulmonary disease later in life. Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), a subset of which represent distal lung progenitor cells (LPCs), promote normal lung growth and repair.