An otolaryngological tour of Vesalius' .

Background: Andreas Vesalius published his famous anatomy book, (On the Fabric of the Body in Seven Books), in 1543, with a second edition in 1555. This article explores the importance of this text to contemporary ENT, by demonstrating Vesalius' fresh, precise and hands-on approach to anatomy, and examines how this developed our understanding of ENT.

Methods: A second edition of , held in John Rylands Library, University of Manchester, was examined in its digitised form and supplemented by secondary texts.

"Sex Seems Less Important When You Are Worried About a Deadly Virus." A Content Analysis of Reported Reasons for Changes in Sexual Behavior and Satisfaction During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of this study is to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted various sexual behaviors and levels of sexual and relationship satisfaction by performing a content analysis of participants' (N = 1051 American adults) responses to open-ended survey questions. Results revealed a variety of impacts that increased, decreased, or otherwise qualitatively changed sexual behavior and satisfaction. Major themes included emotions and mental health, changes in routines, social distancing and fears related to COVID-19, and changes in romantic relationships.

Historiographies of surgical innovation: endoscopic endonasal pituitary surgery.

The historiography of medicine has shifted from narratives of inevitable progress, authored mainly by the medical profession, to a more complex, analytical approach in which historians place medicine in its social context. However, the history of surgery has lagged behind somewhat; Christopher Lawrence suggests this is because the recent focus on the construction of medical knowledge does not incorporate the practical aspects of surgery, which are difficult to extract from their previous linear narrative. Thomas Schlich likewise recognises that surgery is both knowledge and skill-therefore more of a 'craft' than medicine.

Acute otitis externa: Consensus definition, diagnostic criteria and core outcome set development.

Objective: Evidence for the management of acute otitis externa (AOE) is limited, with unclear diagnostic criteria and variably reported outcome measures that may not reflect key stakeholder priorities. We aimed to develop 1) a definition, 2) diagnostic criteria and 3) a core outcome set (COS) for AOE.

Study Design: COS development according to Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) methodology and parallel consensus selection of diagnostic criteria/definition.

A very late infection of an abdominal mesh following a pedicled TRAM flap harvest.

Pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap is still a common procedure for breast reconstruction. To lessen the incidence of abdominal-wall abnormalities, the donor-site defect in the transverse rectus abdominis muscle is generally repaired with a prosthetic mesh. This carries the well-known risks of foreign-body implantation, the most serious of which is infection.

Epigastric hernia following DIEP flap breast reconstruction: complication or coincidence?

Objective: Donor site hernias are a rare but well recognised complication of deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction but there are no reported cases of epigastric hernias after such surgery. We report three patients who developed symptomatic epigastric hernias within 2-8 months after discharge from follow-up.

Patients And Methods: Patients who were referred to the Breast Plastic Surgery Clinic with symptomatic epigastric hernias following DIEP flap breast reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed.

Experiences of faculty and students using an audience response system in the classroom.

The advent of innovative technologies, such as the audience response system, provides an opportunity to engage students and enhance learning. Based on their experiences, three nursing faculty evaluated the use of an audience response system in four distinct nursing courses through the use of informal survey results. When using the audience response system, the faculty experienced an increased perception of student attentiveness and engagement, high level of class attendance, and enhanced learning.