Local Anesthesia With General Anesthesia for Pediatric Bone Marrow Procedures.

Background: Pediatric patients with cancer undergo repeated painful procedures, including bone marrow aspirations and biopsies (BMABs). Optimal management of procedure-related pain can reduce discomfort, anxiety, and distress.

Methods: Children with neuroblastoma were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 arms on a prospective, single-blind, crossover trial conducted at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center from October 2016 to January 2018 (www.