Timing of dimerization of the bc complex during mitochondrial respiratory chain assembly.

The mitochondrial bc complex plays an important role in mitochondrial respiration. It transfers electrons from ubiquinol to the soluble electron shuttle cytochrome c and thereby contributes to the proton motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, each monomer consists of three catalytic and seven accessory subunits.

The ribosome receptors Mrx15 and Mba1 jointly organize cotranslational insertion and protein biogenesis in mitochondria.

Mitochondrial gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for the production of highly hydrophobic subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. Membrane insertion occurs cotranslationally on membrane-bound mitochondrial ribosomes. Here, by employing a systematic mass spectrometry-based approach, we discovered the previously uncharacterized membrane protein Mrx15 that interacts via a soluble C-terminal domain with the large ribosomal subunit.

The Posterior Parietal Cortex Subserves Precise Motor Timing in Professional Drummers.

The synchronization task is a well-established paradigm for the investigation of motor timing with respect to an external pacing signal. It requires subjects to synchronize their finger taps in synchrony with a regular metronome. A specific significance of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) for superior synchronization in professional drummers has been suggested.

Spinal cord injury--incidence, prognosis, and outcome: an analysis of the TraumaRegister DGU.

Background Context: Little is known about the incidence of spinal cord injury (SCI) in polytrauma patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze incidence, prognosis, and outcome of SCI in polytrauma patients.

Study Design/setting: This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

A mutation in the human CBP4 ortholog UQCC3 impairs complex III assembly, activity and cytochrome b stability.

Complex III (cytochrome bc1) is a protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that transfers electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c. Its assembly requires the coordinated expression of mitochondrial-encoded cytochrome b and nuclear-encoded subunits and assembly factors. Complex III deficiency is a severe multisystem disorder caused by mutations in subunit genes or assembly factors.

Assembly factors monitor sequential hemylation of cytochrome b to regulate mitochondrial translation.

Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes convert chemical energy into a membrane potential by connecting electron transport with charge separation. Electron transport relies on redox cofactors that occupy strategic positions in the complexes. How these redox cofactors are assembled into the complexes is not known.