A 78-year-old female with severe tongue pain: benefit of modern ultrasound.

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in persons aged 50 years and older. Medium and large vessels, like the temporal and axillary arteries, are commonly affected. Typical symptoms are headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication and ophthalmological symptoms as loss of visual field, diplopia or amaurosis due to optic nerve ischemia.

[Successful Systemic Lysis Therapy in Acute Retinal Arterial Occlusions].

Background: Retinal artery occlusion leads to dramatic and irreversible vision loss. There is currently no evidence-based standard therapy. According to the German guidelines on retinal artery occlusions, intravenous fibrinolysis therapy can be performed up to a time window of 4 h 30 min.