Handlebar Injuries: Not Always the Pancreas.

This case report highlights a rare traumatic gallbladder rupture secondary to a handlebar impact to the abdomen. Traumatic gallbladder rupture is only seen in 1.9-2.

Sprengel deformity presenting as a post-traumatic injury in an afghan boy: a case report.

Sprengel deformity is a rare congenital anomaly that involves the shoulder joint and scapula. We treated a young Afghan boy who was presented to the German Level II Provincial Reconstructive Team in Kunduz, Afghanistan, with the complaint of a shoulder deformity evolving after an accident that occurred several years before the presentation of the patient to clinic. Physicians maximized the available resources for the diagnostic workup by arranging for his computed tomography scan at the German Level III Hospital at Mazar-e-Sharif and then reviewing the study through teleradiology.

Enhanced enzymatic degradation of tryptophan by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase contributes to the tryptophan-deficient state seen after major trauma.

Decreased lymphocyte proliferation, lymphopenia, immunodepression, and opportunistic infections are common after major trauma. Early alimentation in these patients corrects lymphopenia, enhances immunity, and reduces the incidence of infections, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Tryptophan is essential for the production and function of rapidly proliferating cells such as lymphocytes.