Sustained Human Background Exposure to Acrolein Evidenced by Monitoring Urinary Exposure Biomarkers.

Scope: This study investigates a potential correlation between the intake of heat-processed food and the excretion of the acrolein (AC) biomarkers N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-l-cysteine (HPMA) and N-acetyl-S-(carboxyethyl)-l-cysteine (CEMA) based on two human studies.

Methods And Results: Human exposure to AC is monitored using the AC-related mercapturic acids HPMA and CEMA in the urine of a) non-smoking volunteers under defined living conditions and b) of non-smoking volunteers on unrestricted or vegan diet under free living conditions. Free living volunteers in part show markedly enhanced urinary excretions of HPMA and CEMA.

Biomonitoring of nutritional acrylamide intake by consumers without dietary preferences as compared to vegans.

Acrylamide (AA) is a heat-induced food contaminant considered as genotoxic carcinogen. The present study investigated the influence of nutritional and lifestyle preferences on human AA exposure. A 10-day human study was performed with ten volunteers without nutritional preferences (omnivores) and ten vegans.