Different RONS Generation in MTC-SK and NSCL Cells Lead to Varying Antitumoral Effects of Alpha-Ketoglutarate + 5-HMF.

Background: Carbonylated proteins (CPs) serve as specific indicators of increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) production in cancer cells, attributed to the dysregulated mitochondrial energy metabolism known as the Warburg effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of alpha-ketoglutarate (aKG), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and their combination as mitochondrial-targeting antioxidants in MTC-SK or NCI-H23 cancer cells.

Methods: MTC-SK and NCI-H23 cells were cultured in the absence or presence of varying concentrations (0-500 µg/mL) of aKG, 5-HMF, and the combined aKG + 5-HMF solutions.

Vitamin D-Dimer: A Possible Biomolecule Modulator in Cytotoxic and Phagocytosis Processes?

Background: Vitamin D3 complexed to deglycosylated vitamin D binding protein (VitD-dgVDBP) is a water-soluble vitamin D dimeric compound (VitD-dgVDBP). It is not clear how VitD-dgVDBP affects circulating monocytes, macrophages, other immune cell systems, including phagocytosis and apoptosis, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to dgVDBP. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure superoxide anion radical (O2*−) levels and macrophage activity in the presence of VitD-dgVDBP or dgVDBP.

3D morphometric study of domestic fowl glomerulus-A scanning electron microscope study of vascular corrosion casts.

Microvascularization of domestic fowl kidneys was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vascular corrosion casts (VCCs). Two types of nephrons, mammalian-type (MT) and reptilian-type (RT) nephrons and their glomerular structure were analysed quantitatively by 3D morphometry. A significant difference in shape and size between the MT and RT glomeruli was found.

The Functional Anatomy of the Superficial Fat Compartments of the Face: A Detailed Imaging Study.

Background: The superficial (subcutaneous) facial fat compartments contribute to the signs of facial aging, but a comprehensive anatomical description of their location and their functional behavior during the application of soft-tissue fillers remains elusive.

Methods: The authors investigated 30 fresh frozen cephalic specimens from 13 male and 17 female Caucasian body donors (age, 78.3 ± 14.

The Anatomy behind Adverse Events in Hand Volumizing Procedures: Retrospective Evaluations of 11 Years of Experience.

Background: To retrospectively evaluate the rate of adverse events after hand volumizing procedures using a calcium hydroxylapatite product and to investigate the relationship between injector used (i.e., needle versus cannula) and technique applied (i.

Precision in Dermal Filling: A Comparison Between Needle and Cannula When Using Soft Tissue Fillers.

Background: Precise implantation of soft tissue fillers to treat the signs of aging is crucial for patient safety and the best aesthetic outcome. Injections are performed commonly with either needles or cannulas, but quantitative comparative data on precise implantation are still elusive.

Methods: Ten fresh-frozen cephalic foreheads (9 male, 1 female) were injected with radiopaque material using both needles and cannulas.