Investigating tree planting in Ethiopia and the extent to which scheme implementation aligns with good governance practices.

Tree planting schemes are implemented to achieve social, cultural, economic, and environmental goals. Various frameworks and guidelines outline good governance practices to aid the achievement of these goals. However, there is rarely sufficient monitoring and reporting of tree planting schemes for it to be possible to determine whether schemes adhere to good governance practices.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from Ukraine.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by plants of grafted on imported from Ukraine, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Ukraine. All pests associated with the commodity were evaluated against specific criteria for their relevance for this opinion.

Pest categorisation of Capsicum chlorosis virus.

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health conducted a pest categorisation of Capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV) for the EU territory. The identity of CaCV, a member of the genus (family ), is established and reliable detection and identification methods are available. The pathogen is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.

Pest categorisation of High Plains wheat mosaic virus.

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health conducted a pest categorisation of High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV) for the EU territory. The identity of HPWMoV, a member of the genus (family ), is well established and reliable identification methods are available. The pathogen is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Zuccarini) Wiens & Polhill), the acacia strap flower, a hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae parasitising woody plants. Host plants include several species of the genera and and various fruit crops. is present in the Middle East and Eastern Africa and is not known to occur in the EU.

Pest categorisation of Apium virus Y.

Following a request from the EU Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health conducted a pest categorisation of Apium virus Y (ApVY) for the EU territory. The identity of the ApVY, a member of the genus (family ), is well established and reliable detection methods are available. The pathogen is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.

Pest categorisation of carrot thin leaf virus.

Following a request from the EU Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health conducted a pest categorisation of carrot thin leaf virus (CTLV) for the EU territory. The identity of CTLV, a member of the genus (family ), is well established and reliable detection methods are available. The pathogen is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from Ukraine.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'). This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by 1- to 3-year-old dormant grafted plants and rootstocks of imported from Ukraine, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Ukraine. All pests associated with the commodity were evaluated against specific criteria for their relevance for this opinion.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Prihast., a well-defined polyphagous fungus of the complex which has been reported from all the five continents to cause anthracnose, bitter rot and leaf spotting diseases on over 90 cultivated and non-cultivated woody or herbaceous plant species. The pathogen is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the navel orangeworm,  (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), for the EU. This polyphagous species feeds on citrus, almonds, pistachios, grapes and other crops cultivated in the EU. occurs in North, Central and South America in a range of climates some of which also occur in the EU.

Pest categorisation of .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the citrus pulp borer, (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), for the EU. This oligophagous species, which feeds on spp., occurs in Southeast Asia, mostly in lowlands but can also be found up to 1,200 m above sea level.

Pest categorisation of .

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to conduct a pest categorisation of (Zeller) (Leipidoptera: Pyralidae) for the territory of the EU following interceptions of the organism within the EU and its addition to the EPPO Alert List. feeds on over 70 species; hosts include cereals, especially maize, legumes, brassicas and a range of grasses. Seedlings of ornamental and forest trees can also be hosts.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from Turkey.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers the plant health risks posed by 2-year-old grafted bare rooted plants for planting of imported from Turkey, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Turkey. The relevance of any pest for this Opinion was based on evidence following defined criteria.

Commodity risk assessment of and plants from Serbia.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers the plant health risks posed by the two following hazelnut commodities to be imported from Serbia. 1.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from Moldova.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. Taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the applicant country, this Scientific Opinion covers the plant health risks posed by the following commodities: dormant, free of leaves grafted plants and rootstocks of imported from Moldova. A list of pests potentially associated with the commodities was compiled.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from .

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation EU/2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by bare rooted and potted plants of that are imported from Turkey, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the Turkish NPPO. The relevance of any pest for this opinion was based on evidence following defined criteria.

Commodity risk assessment of plants from .

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation EU/2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by bare rooted and potted plants of that are imported from Turkey, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the Turkish NPPO. The relevance of any pest for this opinion was based on evidence following defined criteria.

Commodity risk assessment of L. fruits from Israel for under a systems approach.

The European Commission requested EFSA Panel on Plant Health to evaluate a dossier from Israel in which the application of the systems approach to mitigate the risk of entry of to the EU when trading citrus fruits is described. After collecting additional evidence from the Plant Protection and Inspection Services (PPIS) of Israel, and reviewing the published literature, the Panel performed an assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom for on citrus fruits at the point of entry in the EU considering the Israelian systems approach. An expert judgement is given on the likelihood of pest freedom following the evaluation of the risk mitigation measures on , including any uncertainties.

Commodity risk assessment of tubers from Peru.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by tubers of imported from Peru, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Peru. The relevance of an EU quarantine pest for this opinion was based on evidence that: (i) the pest is present in Peru, (ii) is a host of the pest and (iii) the pest can be associated with the commodity.

Scientific opinion on the import of fruits as a pathway for the entry of non-EU Tephritidae into the EU territory.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health examined evidence as to whether the import of fruits of (bananas and plantains) could provide a pathway into the EU for (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) or other non-EU Tephritidae for which is a host. Relevant scientific and technical information, including unpublished information provided to the EFSA Panel on Plant Health by the European Commission from research conducted in Cabo Verde, were taken into account. The majority of EU imports of fruit comes from Ecuador, Colombia and Costa Rica where does not occur.

Commodity risk assessment of fruits from Thailand.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. fruits originating from countries where is known to occur qualify as high-risk plants. This Scientific Opinion covers the introduction risk for posed by fruits of L.

Commodity risk assessment of fruits from Mexico.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. Momordica fruits originating from countries where is known to occur qualify as high risk plants. This Scientific Opinion covers the introduction risk for posed by fruits of L.

Commodity risk assessment of fruits from Sri Lanka.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. fruits originating from countries where is known to occur qualify as high-risk plants. This Scientific Opinion covers the introduction risk for posed by fruits of L.

Commodity risk assessment of fruits from Suriname.

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. fruits originating from countries where is known to occur qualify as high-risk plants. This Scientific Opinion covers the introduction risk for posed by fruits of L.