NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE I AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA: A CLINICAL OBSERVATION.

The aim - to consider the etiopathogenesis, the main clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria of NF1, and present a clinical case from their practice. The paper analyzes the research findings in recent publications, focused on the studied issue using the methods of continuous sampling, synthesis and generalization, bibliosemantic evaluation and content analysis. In order to attract the attention of family physicians, neurologists, dermatologists, ophthalmologists, surgeons and other specialists, we present our own clinical observation of NF1.

Cognitive and affective disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease: Perspectives for classifying of motor/neuropsychiatric subtypes.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder, related to rigidity, bradykinesia, and resting tremors, among other motor symptoms. It is noticed in the increasing frequency of neuropsychiatric disorders, which may be also caused by non-motor symptoms of PD. Treatment of PD is usually based on the classification of motor subtypes; however, it remains unclear whether motor subtypes have differences in the severity of psychiatric symptoms.

THE ROLE OF CIRCADIAN REGULATION OF GHRELIN LEVELS IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE (LITERATURE REVIEW).

The paper is aimed at the analysis of the role of the circadian regulation of ghrelin levels in patients with Parkinson's disease. Based on the literature data, patients with Parkinson's disease have clinical fluctuations in the symptoms of the disease, manifested by the diurnal changes in motor activity, autonomic functions, sleep-wake cycle, visual function, and the efficacy of dopaminergic therapy. Biological rhythms are controlled by central and peripheral oscillators which links with dopaminergic neurotransmission - core of the pathogenesis of Parkinson`s disease.

DEVIC'S OPTICOMYELITIS: A CASE REPORT FROM THE AUTHORS' CLINICAL PRACTICE.

The aim was to analyze the contemporary scientific literature on Devic's opticomyelitis and to present a case report from our clinical practice. Based on the patient's complaints, case history and features of clinical course, objective neurological status, clinical laboratory and additional examination methods, characteristic MR-patterns, consultations of related specialists and differential diagnostics, we made the clinical diagnosis according to ICD-10: G36.0 Devic's opticomyelitis, exacerbation, with a sustained bilateral lesion of the optic nerves in the form of retrobulbar neuritis with the development of partial atrophy of the optic nerves in both eyes, spinal cord lesions with common cystic, cicatrical and atrophic alterations at C1-Th8 level with moderate lower paraparesis, expressed by sensory ataxia, sensory disturbances by the descending conductive type from Th10, impaired function of pelvic organs by the type of acute urinary retention, asthenic and neurotic syndrome.

Diagnostic errors during intramedullar processes.

Objective: Introduction: The article describes a clinical case of a malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord with metastasis, which remained undetected for many years and was treated as syringomyelia. Long-term exhausting examinations of the brain and spinal cord, dynamic follow-up of medical specialists, and repeated surgical interventions on the spine helped to differentiate this process and make the correct diagnosis. The aim: The objectives of the present paper are to analyze the existing classifications of syringomyelia; to examine its etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches and treatment tactics; to present a clinical case of a malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord with metastasis, which was misdiagnosed as syringomyelia.

[On the problem of syncopal conditions in the neurological practice].

Objective: Introduction: At present, syncopal conditions remain an interdisciplinary problem. Most often, syncope is a consequence of organic or functional damage to the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the endocrine system. Among the various types of paroxysmal states that are observed in the neurological practice, syncopal conditions rank the first position by frequency.

[Multisemic atrophy: a description of the clinical case of olivopontocerebellar atrophy against the background of stenosing atherosclerotic vascular lesions].

Features of the onset, the course of the disease causes difficulties in the early diagnosis and formulation of the correct diagnosis. Olivopontocerebellar atrophy is characterized by a broad polymorphism of clinical manifestations. There is a need to develop new methods of symptomatic and neuroprotective treatment, as well as the optimization of non-drug therapy.