Communication between infant boys and their mothers with ADHD symptoms.

Aim: This preliminary longitudinal study examined timing features and type of interaction between infant boys and their mothers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms METHOD: Ten infants and their mothers with ADHD symptoms and 10 control dyads were video recorded at home during free play interactions when infants were 2-, 4-, 6-, and 9-month old. Microanalysis of the video recordings was carried out to assess synchronization, turn-taking, and type of interaction. Infants' temperament was also assessed RESULTS: ADHD dyads showed shorter synchronization at 2 months and shorter duration of Joint Attention.

Association between story recall and other language abilities in schoolchildren with ADHD.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of working memory, vocabulary, and grammar on narrative comprehension in children with ADHD.

Method: Participants were 25 schoolchildren with ADHD and 25 typically developing (TD) children matched for chronological age and performance IQ. Children were assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III), a verbal IQ test, and a story recall task.

Social and mental health profiles of young male offenders in detention in Greece.

Background: Among young offenders, mental health problems have been linked both to more serious delinquent acts and to high recidivism rates, but there has been little study of this in Greece.

Aims: The aims of this study were to describe demographic and family characteristics of young incarcerated male offenders, to determine the prevalence of mental disorders among them and to compare native Greeks with immigrants on these variables.

Methods: Ninety-three young males, randomly selected from the three main juvenile detention facilities in Greece, completed the Greek version of the Youth Self Report (YSR); the institutions' social workers completed a questionnaire designed for the study on the youths' demographics and offending.

Adults' self-efficacy beliefs and referral attitudes for boys and girls with AD/HD.

Males with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) are referred to specialists significantly more frequently than females. The aim of this study was to examine differences in mothers' and prospective educators' self-efficacy beliefs and severity perceptions towards boys and girls with AD/HD and to explore the inter-relationships between those perceptions and referral judgements. One hundred and fifteen female prospective preschool educators and 118 mothers of boys and girls aged 4-6, enrolled in kindergartens in Athens completed a questionnaire that: (a) presented a vignette describing a typical boy or girl with AD/HD, and (b) was followed by two scales exploring severity perceptions and self-efficacy beliefs with reference to the child described in the vignette.

Parents' causal attributions about attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the effect of child and parent sex.

Background: Boys with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) demonstrate disruptive behaviour at significantly higher rates compared to girls. Disruptive behaviour often develops as a result of negative interaction patterns within the caregiving relationship. Given the importance of parental cognitions as mediators of parental behaviour, the consideration of parent and child sex in the investigation of causal attributions regarding AD/HD may, at least partially, explain sex differences in the prevalence of disruptive behaviour among children with AD/HD.

Maternal emotions and self-efficacy beliefs in relation to boys and girls with AD/HD.

This study examined the impact of child gender on mothers' emotional responses to AD/HD, self-efficacy beliefs and perceived severity of AD/HD. Mothers (N = 118) of pre-schoolers were presented with a vignette describing a typical boy or girl with AD/HD and then completed three scales relating to their emotional response to AD/HD behaviour, their sense of parenting efficacy and their attributions about the severity of problems described. AD/HD behaviour elicited negative emotions and maternal self-efficacy was low, especially for male AD/HD.