Bovine Coronavirus Infects the Respiratory Tract of Cattle Challenged Intranasally.

Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) is a member of a family of viruses associated with both enteric and respiratory diseases in a wide range of hosts. BCoV has been well-established as a causative agent of diarrhea in cattle, however, its role as a respiratory pathogen is controversial. In this study, fifteen calves were challenged intranasally with virulent BCoV in order to observe the clinical manifestation of the BCoV infection for up to 8 days after initial challenge, looking specifically for indication of symptoms, pathology, and presence of viral infection in the respiratory tract, as compared to six unchallenged control calves.

Inter-species lateral gene transfer focused on the Chlamydia plasticity zone identifies loci associated with immediate cytotoxicity and inclusion stability.

Chlamydia muridarum actively grows in murine mucosae and is a representative model of human chlamydial genital tract disease. In contrast, C. trachomatis infections in mice are limited and rarely cause disease.

Sigma 54-Regulated Transcription Is Associated with Membrane Reorganization and Type III Secretion Effectors during Conversion to Infectious Forms of Chlamydia trachomatis.

bacteria are obligate intracellular organisms with a phylum-defining biphasic developmental cycle that is intrinsically linked to its ability to cause disease. The progression of the chlamydial developmental cycle is regulated by the temporal expression of genes predominantly controlled by RNA polymerase sigma (σ) factors. Sigma 54 (σ) is one of three sigma factors encoded by for which the role and regulon are unknown.

Structural and ligand binding analyses of the periplasmic sensor domain of RsbU in Chlamydia trachomatis support a role in TCA cycle regulation.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacteria that undergo dynamic morphologic and physiologic conversions upon gaining an access to a eukaryotic cell. These conversions likely require the detection of key environmental conditions and regulation of metabolic activity. Chlamydia encodes homologs to proteins in the Rsb phosphoregulatory partner-switching pathway, best described in Bacillus subtilis.