Childhood maltreatment and chronic "all over" body pain in adulthood: a counterfactual analysis using UK Biobank.

Evidence linking adverse childhood experiences and chronic pain in adulthood is largely cross-sectional, potentially subject to recall bias and does not allow exploration of mediating pathways. We analysed a large population-based cohort (UK Biobank) using a causal framework, to determine if childhood maltreatment is related to chronic "all over" body pain in adulthood. We used doubly robust estimation with inverse probability weights to estimate the difference in risk of chronic pain "all over" between those exposed/not exposed to childhood maltreatment (abuse or neglect).

Menopausal symptoms, exercise practices, and advice received in active women: a multi-country survey of strava app users.

The study aimed to identify the prevalence of symptoms, changes in exercise levels, and exercise advice received during the menopausal transition in a large multi-country sample. Using total population sampling, 2.5 percent of female Strava app users ( = 970) from 7 countries completed an online survey between 14 February 2019 and 11 March 2019.

Corrigendum: Injury Incidence Across the Menstrual Cycle in International Footballers.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.

Injury Incidence Across the Menstrual Cycle in International Footballers.

This study aimed to assess how menstrual cycle phase and extended menstrual cycle length influence the incidence of injuries in international footballers. Over a 4-year period, injuries from England international footballers at training camps or matches were recorded, alongside self-reported information on menstrual cycle characteristics at the point of injury. Injuries in eumenorrheic players were categorized into early follicular, late follicular, or luteal phase.

Can big data solve a big problem? Reporting the obesity data landscape in line with the Foresight obesity system map.

Background: Obesity research at a population level is multifaceted and complex. This has been characterised in the UK by the Foresight obesity systems map, identifying over 100 variables, across seven domain areas which are thought to influence energy balance, and subsequent obesity. Availability of data to consider the whole obesity system is traditionally lacking.

How has big data contributed to obesity research? A review of the literature.

There has been growing interest in the potential of 'big data' to enhance our understanding in medicine and public health. Although there is no agreed definition of big data, accepted critical components include greater volume, complexity, coverage and speed of availability. Much of these data are 'found' (as opposed to 'made'), in that they have been collected for non-research purposes, but could include valuable information for research.

Development of a new assessment tool for cervical myelopathy using hand-tracking sensor: Part 2: normative values.

Purpose: To set a baseline measurement of the number of hand flexion-extension cycles and analyse the degree of motion in young healthy individuals, measured by leap motion controller (LMC), besides describing gender and dominant hand differences.

Methods: Fifty healthy participants were asked to fully grip-and-release their dominant hand as rapidly as possible for a maximum of 3 min or until subjects fatigued, while wearing a non-metal wrist splint. Participants also performed a 15-s grip-and-release test.

Development of a new assessment tool for cervical myelopathy using hand-tracking sensor: Part 1: validity and reliability.

Purpose: To assess the reliability and validity of a hand motion sensor, Leap Motion Controller (LMC), in the 15-s hand grip-and-release test, as compared against human inspection of an external digital camera recording.

Methods: Fifty healthy participants were asked to fully grip-and-release their dominant hand as rapidly as possible for two trials with a 10-min rest in-between, while wearing a non-metal wrist splint. Each test lasted for 15 s, and a digital camera was used to film the anterolateral side of the hand on the first test.

Running and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition characterized by pain, impaired function, and reduced quality of life. A number of risk factors for knee OA have been identified, such as obesity, occupation, and injury. The association between knee OA and physical activity or particular sports such as running is less clear.

The monetary value of diets consumed by British adults: an exploration into sociodemographic differences in individual-level diet costs.

Objective: To describe the diet costs of adults in the National Diet and Nutrition Study (NDNS) and explore patterns in costs according to sociodemographic indicators.

Design: Cross-sectional diet diary information was matched to a database of food prices to assign a cost to each food or non-alcoholic beverage consumed. Daily diet costs were calculated, as well as costs per 10 MJ to improve comparability across differing energy requirements.

Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma validation of present selection criteria in predicting outcome.

Appropriate patient selection is crucial in ensuring acceptable outcomes from orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) has elected to prioritize HCC patients for OLT based on criteria of tumor burden. However, it is unclear whether these criteria correlate with outcome, or with the pathobiological features associated with tumor recurrence.