Retrospective evaluation of the effects of a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone in horses undergoing exploratory laparotomy for small intestinal lesions (2008-2019): 240 cases.

Objective: To determine the effect of a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone on the risk of postoperative reflux (POR) in horses undergoing small intestinal surgery and to investigate its association with incisional complications and short-term survival.

Design: Retrospective cohort study over an 11-year period (2008-2019).

Setting: UK-based private referral center.

Factors associated with development of post-operative reflux in horses with large colon volvulus and association with complications and outcomes.

Background: Post-operative reflux (POR) is rare following large colon volvulus (LCV) but does occur despite the absence of a small intestinal lesion. The prevalence, risk factors and association with survival of POR after LCV are currently unknown.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of POR in horses with an LCV and its association with survival.

Adapted tissue assay for the assessment of ileal granulocyte degranulation following in ovo inoculation with select bacteria or coccidial challenge in chickens.

A previously described heterophil degranulation assay was adapted for use with ileal mucosal tissue via quantification of β-D-glucuronidase and assay end product 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU). Three initial experiments evaluated the effect of in ovo inoculations of Citrobacter freundii (CF) or mixed lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on ileal granulocyte degranulation. Inoculations were administered on embryonic d18, body weights (BW) were recorded on day of hatch (DOH) and d10 to calculate body weight gain (BWG), and ileal mucosal scrapings were collected on DOH or d10 for the 4-MU assay.

Use of an equine compression suit to manage a deep axillary wound in a horse.

Purpose: To describe the use of an equine compression suit to manage a deep axillary wound in a Thoroughbred filly with bilateral pneumothorax.

Case Summary: A 2-year-old Thoroughbred filly was referred for management of a deep wound to the left axilla. Packing and bandaging of the area were initially attempted, but this became repeatedly dislodged, and bandaging was discontinued.

Ultrasonographic Assessment of Small Intestinal Motility Following Hyoscine Butylbromide Administration in Horses: A Pilot Study.

Horses commonly receive hyoscine butylbromide (HB) prior to hospital admission for colic. This could alter the appearance of the small intestine (SI) on ultrasound scan and affect clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of HB on ultrasonographically assessed SI motility and heart rate.

Caecal dysfunction following standing surgical procedures.

The aim of this study is to report cases of caecal dysfunction following surgical procedures in the standing horse. The study design is retrospective. Six client-owned horses developed caecal dysfunction following a variety of surgical procedures undertaken in the standing sedated horse.

Outcome following emergency laparotomy in 33 UK donkeys: A retrospective multicentre study.

Background: Emergency laparotomies in donkeys are infrequently performed and there is limited literature on the subject.

Objectives: To determine findings and associated outcomes of exploratory laparotomies in donkeys.

Study Design: Descriptive retrospective study.

Umbilical Cord Herniation With Small Intestinal Evisceration in Two Thoroughbred Neonates.

This report describes two cases of spontaneous small intestinal evisceration via normally inserted umbilical stumps, without abdominal wall trauma. Both cases occurred immediately following uneventful parturition. The authors believe that these represent cases of umbilical cord herniation.

Serum symmetric dimethylarginine concentration in healthy neonatal Thoroughbred foals.

Background: Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is widely used in other species as a marker of renal dysfunction and is considered a more sensitive indicator of glomerular filtration rate than creatinine. Reference ranges are established in healthy adult horses (≤14 μg/dL) and concentrations are increased in horses with acute kidney injury (median 32 μg/dL; range 15-92).

Objectives: To establish the normal range of SDMA concentrations in neonatal Thoroughbreds.

Intrasynovial triamcinolone treatment is not associated with incidence of acute laminitis.

Background: Intrasynovial corticosteroid injections are commonly used in the treatment of equine orthopaedic disease, but corticosteroid administration is widely considered a risk factor for the development of laminitis. Despite a list of putative mechanisms and a number of case reports of steroid-induced laminitis, no case-control or cohort studies investigating the association between use of intrasynovial corticosteroids and acute laminitis have been published.

Objectives: To quantify the risk of laminitis posed by intrasynovial triamcinolone acetonide (TA) administration in a mixed population of horses.

Assessment of acute moderate hyperglycemia on traditional and thromboelastometry coagulation parameters in healthy adult horses.

Objective: To determine whether experimentally induced acute moderate hyperglycemia is associated with coagulation activation in healthy adult horses.

Design: Prospective experimental study.

Setting: University veterinary teaching hospital.

Attempted medical management of suspected ascending colon displacement in horses.

Objective: To determine the success of medical management of suspected displacement of the ascending (large) colon in horses.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Horses (n = 127) with suspected large colon displacement.

Osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis after intraosseous perfusion with gentamicin.

Objective: To describe and discuss previously unreported complications associated with intraosseous perfusion with gentamicin in horses.

Study Design: Case report.

Animals: Ten-year-old Warmblood gelding.

Clinical nurse specialists' knowledge specific to Medicare structures and processes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe clinical nurse specialists' (CNSs) knowledge of Medicare structures and processes using a multiple-choice examination.

Design: This descriptive study used the survey method with a convenient sample.

Setting: Potential subjects received the research study packet at the address designated by them for membership mailings sent from the National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists (NACNS).