Lactate, bicarbonate and anion gap for evaluation of patients presenting with sepsis to the emergency department: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: A serum lactate level >2 mmol/L has been chosen as the preferred cut-off value for screening of patients with suspected sepsis. In patients with suspected sepsis presenting to the ED, we aimed to determine the outcomes of patients with initial lactate levels ≤2 mmoL/L, but abnormal bicarbonate or anion gaps (AGs).

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled patients from an adult tertiary referral hospital who presented with suspected sepsis.

Pedestrian traffic injury in Victoria, Australia.

Introduction: Road traffic injuries are the fifth leading cause of years of life lost, with pedestrians comprising 39% of all road deaths (Global Burden of Disease Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators [1]). Programs that use injury surveillance data to identify high-risk targets for intervention are known to be effective for reducing injury. This study aims to identify trends in the population incidence of pedestrian traffic injury (PTI) in Victoria, Australia.

Population incidence of pedestrian traffic injury in high-income countries: A systematic review.

Background: Road traffic injuries are the fifth leading cause of years of life lost, with pedestrians comprising 39% of all road deaths. International recognition of this public health issue has led to a reduction in road traffic deaths in many high-income countries. However data on non-motorised road users such as pedestrians is incomplete.

Alcohol intoxication in non-motorised road trauma.

Objective: To determine the proportion of non-motorised road users involved in road traffic crashes that presents to hospital intoxicated.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study using data collected from the Alfred Trauma Registry. All patients presenting to an adult major trauma centre in Victoria, Australia from July 2009 to June 2014 who were involved in a road traffic crash as a non-motorised road user - pedestrians, pedal-cyclists, non-motorised scooter users, horse riders - were included.