Immigration Policy Climate and contraceptive use among Mexican-origin women in the United States: Support for the "spill-over" hypothesis.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between state-level Immigration Policy Climate (IPC) and the use of most or moderately effective contraceptive methods among US-born White, US-born Mexican-origin, and foreign-born Mexican-origin women.

Study Design: We linked nationally representative survey data from three waves of the National Survey of Family Growth (2013-2019) with a novel and dynamic state-level measure of IPC. We compared the use of a most or moderately effective contraceptive method at the time of the survey among the three ethnicity and nativity groups alone and as an interaction with state IPC index score above or below the national mean in the year of the survey.

The impact of the SB 8 Texas abortion ban on pregnancy duration at time of abortion in a large volume Colorado clinic.

Objectives: To assess changes in type of abortion, gestational duration, and changes in the proportion of out-of-state residents at a university-affiliated clinic in Denver, Colorado after Texas passed Senate Bill 8 (SB 8) that banned abortion after embryonic cardiac activity can be detected.

Study Design: We reviewed records of all visits of patients obtaining an abortion ≤22 weeks and 6 days gestation between January 2019 and June 2022. We created two time periods: before SB 8 (January 2019-August 2021) and after SB 8 (September 2021-June 2022).

Perspectives from the pandemic epicenter: Sexual and reproductive health of immigrant women in New York City.

Context: The United States' response to COVID-19 created a policy, economic, and healthcare provision environment that had implications for the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of racialized and minoritized communities. Perspectives from heterogenous immigrant communities in New York City, the pandemic epicenter in the United States (US), provides a glimpse into how restrictive social policy environments shape contraception, abortion, pregnancy preferences, and other aspects of SRH for marginalized immigrant communities.

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews in 2020 and 2021 with 44 cisgender immigrant women from different national origins and 19 direct service providers for immigrant communities in New York City to explore how immigrants were forced to adapt their SRH preferences and behaviors to the structural barriers of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Contraceptive Method Switching and Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Removal in U.S. Safety Net Clinics, 2016-2021.

Objective: To describe patterns of contraceptive method switching and long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) removal in a large network of community health centers.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using individual-level electronic health record data from 489 clinics in 20 states from 2016 to 2021. We used logistic regression models, including individual-, clinic-, and state-level covariates, to calculate adjusted odds ratios and predicted probabilities of any observed contraceptive method switching and LARC removal among those with baseline incident LARC, both over 4-year time periods.

Disruptions in Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Service Delivery for Immigrants During COVID-19.

Purpose: To provide perspectives from heterogenous cisgender immigrant women and service providers for immigrants in New York City (NYC) on how restrictive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care delivery environments during COVID-19 shape immigrant's access to health care and health outcomes to generate insights for clinical practices and policies for immigrant women's health care needs.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2020 and 2021, including in-depth interviews with 44 immigrant women from different national origins and 19 direct service providers for immigrant communities in NYC to explore how immigrants adapted to and were impacted by pandemic-related SRH care service delivery barriers. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a constant comparative approach.

Differences in Determinants: Racialized Obstetric Care and Increases in U.S. State Labor Induction Rates.

Induction of labor (IOL) rates in the United States have nearly tripled since 1990. We examine official U.S.

Increases in Obstetric Interventions and Changes in Gestational Age Distributions of U.S. Births.

To examine how changes in induction of labor (IOL) and cesarean deliveries between 1990 and 2017 affected gestational age distributions of births in the United States. Singleton first births were drawn from the National Vital Statistics System Birth Data for years 1990-2017. Separate analytic samples were created (1) by maternal race/ethnicity (Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian, and non-Hispanic white), (2) by maternal age (15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-49), (3) by U.

The role of legal status and uncertainty in the reproductive aspirations of 1.5 and second generation Mexican-origin immigrant young women: An exploratory study.

Background: The 1.5 generation, brought to the U.S.

Critiquing the Unintended Pregnancy Framework.

The unintended pregnancy framework, a central tenet of sexual and reproductive health care delivery and research, has been depicted as an adverse outcome that should be prevented. There is growing criticism of the inadequacies of this framework, although little modification in public health guidelines, measurement, or clinical practice has been seen. This article critically reviews the literature on unintended pregnancy to encourage reflection on how this framework has negatively influenced practice and to inspire the advancement of more patient-centered care approaches.

Use of Judicial Bypass of Mandatory Parental Consent to Access Abortion and Judicial Bypass Denials, Florida and Texas, 2018-2021.

To describe minors' use of judicial bypass to access abortion and the percentage of bypass petitions denied in Florida and Texas. Data were derived from official state statistics on judicial bypasses and abortions by age in Texas and Florida; abortions in Texas among minor nonresidents were estimated. In addition, judicial bypass petitions as a percentage of abortions received by minors and judicial bypass denials as a percentage of petitions were calculated.

Patterns in Contraceptive Use Among Women of Mexican Origin in the United States and in Mexico.

Objective: To examine current contraceptive use by parity among four ethnicity and nativity groups: non-Latina White women in the United States, Mexican-American women in the United States, foreign-born women of Mexican origin in the United States, and Mexican women in Mexico.

Methods: We combined nationally representative data from sexually active women, aged 15-44 years, and not seeking pregnancy from the U.S.

Adolescent Reproductive Health Outcomes Among Mexican-Origin Women on Both Sides of the U.S.-Mexico Border.

Purpose: Much reproductive health research on the Latina population overlooks heterogeneity by national origin, nativity, and age and also ignores how U.S.-based populations differ from those in "sending" nations.

Abortion Knowledge Among Advanced Practice Clinicians in Colorado.

Introduction: Our objective was to quantify abortion law and care knowledge among Colorado advanced practice clinicians.

Methods: We conducted a stratified random survey of advanced practice clinicians, oversampling women's health and rural clinicians. We assessed sample characteristics, positions on abortion legality, and knowledge of abortion law and care.

The Space in the Middle: Attitudes of Women's Health and Neonatal Nurses in the United States about Abortion.

Introduction: Despite playing an integral part in sexual and reproductive health care, including abortion care, nurses are rarely the focus of research regarding their attitudes about abortion.

Methods: A sample of 1,820 nurse members of the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses were surveyed about their demographic and professional backgrounds, religious beliefs, and abortion attitudes. Scores on the Abortion Attitudes Scale were analyzed categorically and trichotomized in multinomial regression analyses.

Measuring structural xenophobia: US State immigration policy climates over ten years.

There is an increasing need to understand the structural drivers of immigrant health inequities, including xenophobic and racist policies at the state level in the United States. Databases aggregate state policies related to immigration and research using single year indices examines state policy and immigrant health. Yet none of these sources use a theoretically informed social determinants of immigrant health approach to consider state environments longitudinally, include both exclusionary and inclusionary policies, and are relevant to immigrants from any region of the world or ethnic group.

Contraindications to Hormonal Contraception Among Postpartum Women in Texas.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of contraindications to hormonal contraception among postpartum women.

Methods: Low-income postpartum women who planned to delay childbearing for 2 years or longer after delivery were recruited for a prospective cohort study from eight Texas hospitals. Women self-reported health conditions that corresponded to category 3 and 4 contraindications to combined hormonal contraception and progestin-only methods, based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2016 Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use.

Pregnancy Options Counseling and Abortion Referral Practices Among Colorado Nurse Practitioners, Nurse-Midwives, and Physician Assistants.

Introduction: Access to abortion is a public health priority. Yet little is known about pregnancy options counseling and abortion referral practices, both essential to timely abortion care, among advanced practice clinicians (APCs; nurse practitioners, nurse-midwives, physician assistants).

Methods: Data were drawn from a stratified random sample of Colorado APCs, oversampling certified nurse-midwives (CNMs), women's health nurse practitioners (WHNPs), and rural clinicians.

Judicial bypass attorneys' experiences with abortion stigma in Texas courts.

Texas requires pregnant young people under 18 (i.e., minors) seeking abortion without parental consent to go to court with an attorney to petition a judge for permission to obtain abortion.

Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Attitudes and Acceptability in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Key to Patient-Centered Contraceptive Counseling.

Purpose: To examine the attitudes of adolescent and young adults (AYA) toward long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), and to assess how attitudes are associated with acceptability.

Design: Survey.

Setting: Children's Hospital Colorado Adolescent Family Planning Clinic in Aurora, Colorado.

Interest in Medication and Aspiration Abortion Training among Colorado Nurse Practitioners, Nurse Midwives, and Physician Assistants.

Objectives: We examined advanced practice clinicians' (APCs: nurse practitioners [NPs], certified nurse midwives [CNMs], physician assistants) interest in training to provide medication and aspiration abortion in Colorado, where abortion provision by APCs is legal.

Methods: We surveyed a stratified random sample of APCs, oversampling women's health (CNMs/women's health nurse practitioners [WHNPs]) and rural APCs. We examined prevalence and predictors of interest in abortion training using weighted χ tests.

Adolescents Obtaining Abortion Without Parental Consent: Their Reasons and Experiences of Social Support.

Context: Most states require adolescents younger than 18 to involve a parent prior to obtaining an abortion, yet little is known about adolescents' reasons for choosing abortion or the social support received by those who seek judicial bypass of parental consent for abortion.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 individuals aged 16-19 who sought judicial bypass in Texas between 2015 and 2016 to explore why they chose to get an abortion, who they involved in their decision and what their experiences of social support were. Data were analyzed thematically using stigma and social support theories.

Availability of Confidential Services for Teens Declined After the 2011-2013 Changes to Publicly Funded Family Planning Programs in Texas.

Purpose: Texas is one of 24 states that does not explicitly allow minors to consent to contraception. We explore changes in the provision of confidential reproductive health services after the implementation of state policies that cut and reorganized public family planning funding, including Title X.

Methods: We use data from 3 waves of in-depth interviews, conducted between February 2012 and February 2015, with program administrators at publicly funded family planning organizations in Texas about changes in service delivery.

Denials of Judicial Bypass Petitions for Abortion in Texas Before and After the 2016 Bypass Process Change: 2001-2018.

To estimate the percentage of Texas judicial bypass petitions for abortion denied annually from 2001 to 2018, and to assess whether that fraction changed after the state's 2016 bypass process change. Because official statistics on Texas judicial bypass case counts and outcomes are only available for 2016 and later, we systematically reviewed monthly internal reports from Jane's Due Process (JDP), an organization providing legal representation to pregnant minors seeking bypass from 2001 to 2018. We report numbers and percentages of JDP cases denied for 2001 to 2018 and numbers and percentages of all cases denied from official Texas statistics for 2016 to 2018 (all available years).

Quality of postpartum contraceptive counseling and changes in contraceptive method preferences.

Objectives: We examined the association between quality of postpartum contraceptive counseling and changes in contraceptive method preference between delivery and 3-months postpartum.

Study Design: We used data from 1167 postpartum women delivering at eight hospitals in Texas who did not initiate contraception in the hospital. We conducted baseline and 3-month follow-up interviews to ask women about the method they would prefer to use at 6-months postpartum, postpartum contraceptive counseling, reproductive history, and demographic characteristics.