Evaluation of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on wounds infected by Staphylococcus aureus in animal models.

Background: Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are one of the expanding challenges. The purpose of current study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on wounds infected to Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: In this study, 40 six-month-old rats were divided into 4 groups: control, photosensitizer (PS), laser, and aPDT.

Combined effects of calcium hydroxide and photobiomodulation therapy on apexogenesis of immature permanent teeth in dogs.

Treatment of high-risk traumatic immature teeth due to incomplete root development is challenging. Apexogenesis is currently the ideal treatment option that allows normal root development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the apexogenesis process of immature permanent teeth of dogs when co-administered with calcium hydroxide and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT).

Photobiomodulation in Oral Medicine.

To provide a review of the literature about the photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) dental treatment protocols in oral medicine based on validated clinical studies that have been published so far. The lack of effective therapies for the treatment of various types of oral diseases or the presence of invasive therapeutic methods along with the use of a wide range of medications has had a significant impact on the quality of life of these patients. PBMT as a noninvasive and nondrug method can play an influential role in the treatment of oral diseases.

Improved Wound Remodeling Correlates with Modulated TGF-beta Expression in Skin Diabetic Wounds Following Combined Red and Infrared Photobiomodulation Treatments.

Diabetic wounds are a major cause of morbidity among patients with poorly controlled blood glucose levels. Conventional empirical wound care strategies have shown limited efficacy, and there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Photobiomodulation treatments have shown positive therapeutic effects in several cell culture and animal models.

Comparing fibroblast attachment in root surface scaling with Er, Cr:YSGG laser versus ultrasonic scaler: A SEM study.

Background And Objectives: The regeneration of periodontal support is the main concern in periodontal therapy. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the fibroblasts attachment on root surfaces after scaling with Er, Cr:YSGG laser and ultrasonic instruments using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Methods: 72 root plates of ∼6 × 4 × 1 mm in dimension were prepared from 27 single-rooted human mature teeth and were then divided into four groups.

Effect of Photobiomodulation on Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review available literature about the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Background Data: The effects of coherent and noncoherent light sources such as low-level lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on cells and tissues, known as PBM, form the basis of photomedicine. This treatment technique effects cell function, proliferation, and migration, and plays an important role in tissue regeneration.

Effects of Photobiomodulation and Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Articular Cartilage Defects in a Rabbit Model.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of cultured autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with scaffold and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the repair of articular cartilage defects in rabbits.

Background Data: For healing of the articular cartilage defects, although positive effects of BMSCs and LLLT have been demonstrated, their combination effect is still unknown; therefore, we investigated combining these two techniques has a synergistic effect.

Materials And Methods: After bone marrow aspiration from 10 rabbits, BMSCs were isolated, cultured in monolayer, suspended on a type I collagen scaffold and then implanted onto a full-thickness osteochondral defect (4 mm in diameter), artificially made on the patellar groove of both knees in the same rabbits.

Evaluation of fibroblast attachment in root conditioning with Er, Cr:YSGG laser versus EDTA: a SEM study.

The regeneration of periodontal support is a main concern in periodontal therapy. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of Er, Cr:YSGG laser and EDTA based conditioning in attachment of fibroblast on root surfaces. This in vitro study was conducted on 81 root plates (6 mm × 4 mm × 1 mm) prepared from 27 single-rooted human mature teeth.

Cellular effect of low-level laser therapy on the rate and quality of bone formation in mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Objective: Therapeutic lasers have been shown to influence bone physiology and repair. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the use of a GaAlAs (λ:810 nm) laser in distraction osteogenesis.

Background Data: To reduce problems associated with distraction osteogenesis and shorten the time required for treatment, it is desirable to accelerate the process of bone formation.

Effect of low-level laser therapy irradiation and Bio-Oss graft material on the osteogenesis process in rabbit calvarium defects: a double blind experimental study.

This study aims to assess the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) irradiation and Bio-Oss graft material on the osteogenesis process in the rabbit calvarium defects. Twelve white male New Zealand rabbits were included in this study. Four 8-mm diameter identical defects were prepared on each rabbit's calvarium.

Er,Cr:YSGG laser influence on microleakage of class V composite resin restorations.

One of the most challenging issues following restoration is microleakage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser with and without acid etching on microleakage of class V composite restorations. A total of 68 human intact premolars were selected, disinfected, and randomly allocated to four experimental groups (n = 16) as well as positive and negative controls (n = 2 each).

Reconditioning of ceramic orthodontic brackets with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser.

It is now known that erbium lasers are effective in composite removal, but there is minimal information about their efficacy on recycling of ceramic brackets. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the percentage of remaining adhesive on the base and the shear bond strength of debonded ceramic brackets after being reconditioned by an Er,Cr:YSGG (erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet) laser. Thirty premolars were divided into three groups, then bonded with mechanical retention ceramic brackets according to the bracket base conditions: (1) new brackets; (2) debonded brackets cleaned of adhesive with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 3.

Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma using anti-HER2 immunonanoshells.

Background: Worldwide, oral squamous cell carcinoma (potentially mediated by HER2) is recognized as the most commonly occurring malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. Anti-HER2 nanobodies conjugated to gold-silica nanoshells and used as photothermal treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma may provide a novel therapeutic alternative to current treatment for this disease.

Methods: KB epithelial or HeLaS3 cell cultures (controls) were exposed to these immunonanoshells, and plasmon resonance electron initiation specific to gold was employed to burn the tumor cells.

The effect of an Er,Cr:YSGG laser on the micro-shear bond strength of composite to the enamel and dentin of human permanent teeth.

The bond strength of resin composite to Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated enamel and dentin has been evaluated in only a few studies. Therefore, we measured and compared the micro-shear bond strength of composite restorations to enamel and dentin using two different cavity-preparation tools and conditioning methods. One hundred and seventy-five caries-free human third molars were sectioned longitudinally into two different thicknesses and randomly assigned to seven subgroups (n = 25).

An evaluation of the occluding effects of Er;Cr:YSGG, Nd:YAG, CO₂ and diode lasers on dentinal tubules: a scanning electron microscope in vitro study.

Objective And Background: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is one of the most frequent problems causing patients' complaints following stimulation of cervically exposed dentin. Studies have shown that different lasers have various occluding effects on dentinal tubules. This study is aimed at evaluating the occluding effects of Er;Cr:YSGG (P:0.

An in vitro study of root and canal morphology of human deciduous molars in an Iranian population.

Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease. Deep caries and dental trauma are the two main etiologic factors responsible for pulp involvement. Better knowledge of the morphology of the root canals of deciduous teeth can improve the outcome of pulp treatment.

Evaluation of the effects of CO2 laser on debonding of orthodontics porcelain brackets vs. the conventional method.

Debonding of ceramic brackets due to their high bond strength and low fracture toughness is one of the clinician's complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a laser on shear bond strength, site of debonding, and ARI index during debonding of ceramic brackets and then compare it to the conventional method used for this procedure. Thirty polycrystalline alumina (G & H Series, Germany) brackets were bonded to 30 intact extracted first and second maxillary premolars and stored in a 1% thymol solution.