Mechanical-Chemical Activation of Cement-Ash Binders to Improve the Properties of Heat-Resistant Mortars.

The article demonstrates the effectiveness of the mechanochemical activation of a cement-ash binder by increasing the specific surface area of the ash and introducing a sodium fluorosilicate additive (NaSiF). It has been experimentally proved that the introduction of a NaSiF additive makes it possible to increase the degree of cement hydration, as well as the intensity of free CaO binding when heating the cement-ash binder in the range of 500 °C to 800 °C. Mechanochemical activation prevents a decrease in the strength of the preheated cement-ash binder.

Upscaling of Copper Slag-Based Geopolymer to 3D Printing Technology.

Additive manufacturing using cement has evolved rapidly in recent decades, revolutionizing the construction industry. This technology automates building structures through computer-aided design, offering benefits such as reduced material waste, optimized material distribution, and the ability to use composite materials. This paper aims to examine the potential of using copper-slag-based geopolymers in 3D printing.

Development of a Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of a Pulmonary Drug Delivery System for a Novel Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitor, CPL409116.

The pursuit of targeted therapies for cytokine-dependent diseases has led to the discovery of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, a promising class of drugs. Among them, CPL409116, a selective dual JAK and rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor (ROCK), has demonstrated potential for treating conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the feasibility of delivering CPL409116 via inhalation, with the aim of minimizing the systemic adverse effects associated with oral administration.

Foaming and Physico-Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Pastes Manufactured from Post-Metallurgical Recycled Slag.

This paper presents a research program aimed towards developing a method of producing lightweight, porous geopolymer composites for the construction industry based on industrial wastes. A direct method involving the addition of chemicals is currently most commonly used to produce the porous mineral structure of a geopolymer matrix. This relies on a reaction in a highly alkaline environment of the geopolymer to produce a gas (usually hydrogen or oxygen) that forms vesicles and creates a network of pores.

Mechanical Properties and Water Permeability of Textile-Reinforced Reactive Powder Concrete with Lightweight Aggregate.

This paper focuses on the development of thin-walled panels with specific properties for applications such as water-tight structures. The authors propose the use of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) as a composite material and highlight its advantages, which include high tensile strength, improved crack resistance, and design flexibility. The study presents a novel approach which combines TRC with reactive powder concrete (RPC) as a matrix and a lightweight aggregate.

Feasibility Review of Aerated Materials Application in 3D Concrete Printing.

Recent years have witnessed a growing global interest in 3D concrete printing technology due to its economic and scientific advantages. The application of foamed concrete, renowned for its exceptional thermal and acoustic insulation properties, not only holds economic attractiveness but also aligns seamlessly with the principles of sustainable development. This study explores various solutions related to 3D printing technology in construction, discussing the design, production, and properties of foamed concrete mixtures.

Interlayer Bond Strength Testing in 3D-Printed Mineral Materials for Construction Applications.

There are no standards for testing the properties of 3D-printed materials; hence, the need to develop guidelines for implementing this type of experiment is necessary. The work concerns the development of a research methodology for interlayer bond strength evaluation in 3D-printed mineral materials. In additive manufactured construction elements, the bond strength is a significant factor as it determines the load-bearing capacity of the entire structural element.

Feasibility Study of Digital Image Correlation in Determining Strains in Concrete Exposed to Fire.

Concrete is prone to spalling when exposed to fire. During fire tests, the strains of concrete elements are hard to identify, both from the fire-exposed face and the non-exposed face. This paper presents a field experiment which employed the original CivEng digital image correlation (DIC) method developed at the Cracow University of Technology to measure the strain fields of elements exposed to heating by a pin-point gas burner.

Role of Polypropylene Fibres in Concrete Spalling Risk Mitigation in Fire and Test Methods of Fibres Effectiveness Evaluation.

The explosive behaviour of concrete in fire is observed in rapidly heated concrete. The main factors controlling the occurrence of spalling are related to the material's low porosity and high density as well as the limited ability to transport gases and liquids. Thus, for high-strength, ultrahigh-strength, and reactive powder concrete, the risk of spalling is much higher than for normal-strength concrete.

Effect of Cement Type on the Mechanical Behavior and Permeability of Concrete Subjected to High Temperatures.

The paper presents experimental investigations concerning the influence of the cement type (CEMI 42.5 R Portland cement and CEMIII/A 42.5 N slag cement-with 53% granulated blast furnace slag) on the mechanical and transport properties of heated concretes.

Effects of androsterone on the protective action of various antiepileptic drugs against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice.

This study evaluated the effect of androsterone (AND), a metabolite of testosterone, on the ability of selected classical and novel antiepileptic drugs to prevent seizures caused by maximal electroshock (MES), which may serve as an experimental model of human generalized tonic-clonic seizures in mice. Single intraperitoneal (i.p.

Clinical approach to visceral pain in irritable bowel syndrome - pathophysiology, symptoms, and treatment.

Visceral pain has been defined as a pain resulting from activation of pain receptors localized in mucous membrane, serous membrane, and smooth muscles of hollow organs. The great majority of these organs are innervated by parasympathetic and sympathetic outflows. Afferent nerve fibres are involved in conduction of both acute and persistent pain and hyperalgesia.

[Androgens and epilepsy].

Nowadays there are increasing experimental and clinical data indicating an important role of an endocrine system (especially its neuroendocrine part and sex hormones) in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The relationships between patomechanisms of epilepsy and activity of hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis in animals and humans are quite well recognized but the role of male sex hormones, i.e androgens, in seizure susceptibility processes is less known.

Effects of androsterone on convulsions in various seizure models in mice.

It is believed that a deficiency of androgens, including free testosterone, may promote the development of convulsions. The present study revealed differences in the action of androsterone (AND), a major excreted metabolite of testosterone and a neurosteroid, in three commonly used seizure models in mice. AND administered intraperitoneally exhibited dose-dependent protection against tonic-clonic convulsions caused by maximal electroshock (MES) with ED(50) (effective dose(50)) of 227 mg/kg.