The effect of the pelvis position in the sagittal plane on loads in the human musculoskeletal system.

Purpose: The research work aimed to perform the mathematical modelling-based assessment concerning the effect of the position of the pelvis in the sagittal plane on loads present in the musculoskeletal system in the standing position.

Methods: The analysis of the effect of various positions of the pelvis was performed using the Free Posture Model in the AnyBody Modeling System software. Simulated positions involving various values of pelvis inclination ranged from the extreme pelvic retroposition (-7°) through normative values (0-23°) to the extreme pelvic anteversion (33°).

A numerical study to determine the effect of strengthening and weakening of the transversus abdominis muscle on lumbar spine loads.

This work aimed to determine the influence of strengthening or weakening of the transversus abdominis (TrA) muscle on loads in the lumbar spine using musculoskeletal modelling methods. The input kinematic data of two positions (a standing position and a position during a sitting-down task) were angles in the elbow joint (0°;4°), shoulder joint (0°;3°), hip joint (0°;75°) and knee joint (0°;69°) as well as the torso tilt angle (0°;32°). It was shown that a change in the TrA physiological cross section area (PCSA) has a crucial impact on lumbar spine loads (2xTrA PCSA causes a reduction in the force in joint L5-S1 by 11% for a standing position and by 25% for a sitting-down position) and value of intra-abdominal pressure.

Is it possible to reduce loads of the locomotor system during the landing phase of dance figures? Biomechanical analysis of the landing phase in Grand Jeté, Entrelacé and Ballonné.

Purpose: The objective of the work was to determine biomechanical parameters influencing loads affecting the musculoskeletal system and shock absorption during the landing phase in Grand Jeté, Entrelacé and Ballonné.

Methods: Motion kinematics measurements of the landing phase in GrandJeté, Entrelacé and Ballonné were carried out using the optical APAS system, and measurements of the GRF components - using Kistler platform. The research was carried out for three professional dancers.

Gait Kinematics Index, Global Symmetry Index and Gait Deviations Profile: Concept of a new comprehensive method of gait pathology evaluation.

Purpose: The objective of the work was to define a new comprehensive method of evaluating gait pathology (Gait Kinematics Index, Global Symmetry Index and Gait Deviations Profile).

Methods: The article presents in detail a mathematical algorithm of a new comprehensive method of evaluating gait pathology. Input data for the algorithm are the kinematic parameters of gait.

Physiological Gait versus Gait in VR on Multidirectional Treadmill-Comparative Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly often finding applications in physiotherapy and health promotion. Recent years have seen the use of advanced technologies in the promotion of physical activity (PA) in society. New simulators, e.

Motor functions assessment method based on energy changes in gait cycle.

Purpose: The aim of the research was to determine the energy changes during the gait cycle for a group of healthy children and a group of patients with cerebral palsy, and to compare the value of energy expenditure (EE) with the determined values of the Gillette Gait Index (GGI) and the Gait Deviation Index (GDI).

Methods: The study group consisted of 56 children with regular gait and 56 patients with diagnosed cerebral palsy (CP). The gait kinematics was determined by BTS Smart System.

The influence of frequency of visual disorders on stabilographic parameters.

Purpose: Defining the influence of parameters of visual disorders on ability of balancing turns out to be an important process in effective diagnostics. Current diagnostic methods relating mainly to determination of the coefficient of BRUTM (Balance Rehabilitation Unit Trade Mark) depend on lots of tests carried out in a disturbed environment created by Virtual Reality Technology. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the frequency of visual disturbances on stabilographic values in the virtual reality environment.