Nefopam enhances the protective activity of antiepileptics against maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in mice.

Nefopam is a centrally acting non-opioid analgesic with a mechanism of action that is not completely understood. Adverse effects associated with the therapeutic use and overdose of nefopam are mainly associated with the central nervous system, such as hallucinations, cerebral edema and convulsions. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of nefopam on the electrical threshold and its influence on the protective activity of antiepileptic drugs in the maximal electroshock test in mice.

Influence of orphenadrine upon the protective activity of various antiepileptics in the maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in mice.

Orphenadrine is an anticholinergic drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and is also known to exert nonspecific antagonistic activity at the phencyclidine binding site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. The aim of this study was to assess the anticonvulsant properties of orphenadrine and to evaluate its effect on the anticonvulsant activity of antiepileptic drugs against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Orphenadrine given at a dose of 5.

Influence of NG-nitro-L-arginine on the anticonvulsant and acute adverse effects of some newer antiepileptic drugs in the maximal electroshock-induced seizures and chimney test in mice.

Overwhelming evidence indicates that nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in epileptogenesis and seizure activity in the brain. The results of experimental studies on animals provide, however, discrepant information reporting that NO has both anti- and pro-convulsant action in the brain. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA--a non-specific NO synthase inhibitor) on the anticonvulsant and acute adverse-effect profiles of four second-generation antiepileptic drugs (felbamate [FBM], lamotrigine [LTG], oxcarbazepine [OXC] and topiramate [TPM]) in the maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model and the chimney test in mice.

[Neuroprotective activity of antiepileptic drugs].

Clinical and experimental data indicate that epilepsy may lead to neuronal death and lesions placed in diverse brain regions. Also, the anticonvulsant activity of some antiepileptic drugs can be impaired in case of neurodegeneration in the brain. The main aim of this review is making a reader familiar with a patomechanism of neurodegeneration as well as the current data concerning the neuro-protective potential of antiepileptic drugs.