Molecular pathogenesis of vascular anomalies: classification into three categories based upon clinical and biochemical characteristics.

Vascular tumors and malformations can be challenging to diagnose. Although they can resemble one another, their classification into tumors, such as hemangiomas of infancy, and malformations, such as venous or arteriovenous malformations, is based not only on their divergent biological behavior, but also on their pathogenesis. This review examines the molecular pathobiology of the processes involved in the development of these vascular birthmarks as they are currently understood.

Myofibrosarcoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery.

Background: Myofibrosarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor composed predominantly of differentiated myofibroblasts. These tumors occur in both children and adults alike and are most commonly located on the head and neck. Recurrences rates range from 44% to 75%, and metastatic disease has been reported in up to 44% of cases.

Hemangiomas of infancy: clinical characteristics, morphologic subtypes, and their relationship to race, ethnicity, and sex.

Background: Hemangiomas of infancy vary widely in appearance, size, and depth of cutaneous involvement. There is currently no standard classification system for these lesions. While they occur in any race, an increased incidence occurs in girls, light-skinned whites, and premature infants, especially those weighing less than 1500 g.