Effect of Antacids on the Survival of Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Treated With Pembrolizumab.

Introduction: Concomitant medications can affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The association between histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), major antacids similar to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and the efficacy of pembrolizumab for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) treatment has been poorly evaluated. We evaluated the impact of PPIs and H2RAs on oncological outcomes in mUC patients treated with pembrolizumab.

Current status and future perspectives on robot-assisted kidney autotransplantation: A literature review.

This review presents the latest insights on robot-assisted kidney autotransplantation (RAKAT). RAKAT is a minimally invasive surgical procedure and represents a promising alternative to conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy followed by open kidney transplantation for the treatment of various complex urological and vascular conditions. RAKAT can be performed either extracorporeally or intracorporeally.

The Diagnosis and Treatment Approach for Oligo-Recurrent and Oligo-Progressive Renal Cell Carcinoma.

One-third of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) without metastases develop metastatic disease after extirpative surgery for the primary tumors. The majority of metastatic RCC cases, along with treated primary lesions, involve limited lesions termed "oligo-recurrent" disease. The role of metastasis-directed therapy (MDT), including stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and metastasectomy, in the treatment of oligo-recurrent RCC has evolved.

Prognostic impact of radiological tumor burden in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab.

Purpose: Radiological tumor burden has been reported to be prognostic in many malignancies in the immunotherapy era, yet whether it is prognostic in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) treated with pembrolizumab remains uninvestigated. We sought to assess the predictive and prognostic value of radiological tumor burden in patients with mUC.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 308 patients with mUC treated with pembrolizumab.

A Novel Technique Using Fluorescent Ureteral Catheter and Flexible Ureteroscope for Safe Laparoscopic Fenestration of Lymphocele after Kidney Transplantation.

Laparoscopic fenestration of a postrenal transplant lymphocele is associated with a risk of renal hilar vessel and ureteral injury. Consequently, determination of the incision line is difficult. We describe a case of a 73-year-old man with postrenal transplant lymphocele who underwent a laparoscopic fenestration.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Sitafloxacin 200 mg Once Daily for Refractory Genitourinary Tract Infections.

The aim of this ongoing trial is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of sitafloxacin (STFX) 200 mg once daily (QD) for 7 days in patients with refractory genitourinary tract infections, which include recurrent or complicated cystitis, complicated pyelonephritis, bacterial prostatitis, and epididymitis. The primary endpoint is the microbiological efficacy at 5-9 days after the last administration of STFX. Recruitment began in February 2021, and the target total sample size is 92 participants.

Presence of decoy cells for 6 months on urine cytology efficiently predicts BK virus nephropathy in renal transplant recipients.

Objectives: To investigate the association between duration of consecutive presence of decoy cells on urine cytology and BK virus nephropathy after kidney transplantation.

Methods: In total, 121 kidney transplant recipients were retrospectively evaluated. The best duration of consecutive presence of decoy cells that could be used to predict BK virus nephropathy was analyzed using the area under the curve for each duration, and recipients were divided into two groups based on the best predictive performance.

Feasible kidney donation with living marginal donors, including diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To compare the donor outcomes of living donor kidney transplantation between standard donors (SDs) and marginal donors (MDs) including diabetic patients (MD + DM).

Methods: MDs were defined according to Japanese guideline criteria: (a) age >70-years, (b) blood pressure ≤130/80 mmHg on hypertension medicine, (c) body mass index >25 to ≤32 kg/m , (d) 24-h creatinine clearance ≥70 to <80 ml/min/1.73 m , and (e) hemoglobin A1c > 6.

ABO Blood Incompatibility Positively Affects Early Graft Function: Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: We investigated the association between ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) kidney transplantation and early graft function.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 95 patients who underwent living donor kidney transplantation between May 2009 and July 2019. It included 61 ABO-compatible (ABO-C) and 34 ABO-I transplantations.

Evaluation of Neutrophil Dynamics Change by Protective Effect of Tadalafil After Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Using In Vivo Real-time Imaging.

Background: Neutrophils play a major role in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in renal transplantation and acute kidney injury. However, it has been difficult to observe changes in neutrophil dynamics over time in living mice kidney. We investigate neutrophil dynamics in IRI in living mice using novel in vivo multiphoton microscope imaging techniques and characterize the renoprotective effects of a selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, tadalafil.

Successful deceased donor kidney transplantation to a recipient with a history of COVID-19 treatment.

Case Presentation: A 49-year-old Asian male, who had undergone hemodialysis for >16 years, complained of a fever, dysgeusia and dysosmia, and was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia based on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction (SARS-CoV-2 PCR) and computed tomography (CT). Treatment was started with oral favipiravir and ciclesonide inhalation. On the 10th day of treatment, the patient had a persistent high fever and a chest CT showed exacerbation of pneumonia, so dexamethasone was intravenously started.

Comparison of inflammation-based prognostic scores as predictors of survival outcomes in patients with germ cell tumors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of pretreatment inflammation-based scoring systems in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with germ cell tumors (GCTs) receiving bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 63 patients with GCTs retrospectively. The Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, prognostic index, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index, and albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) were measured in all patients before chemotherapy.

Combined Laparoscopic and CT Monitoring of the Ice-Ball Margin during Cryoablation for Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated with von Hippel-Lindau Disease: First Case.

We report a 47-year-old Japanese female with 10 previous treatments for multiple bilateral renal cell carcinoma (RCC) associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease. The 14-mm right lower pole renal tumor was in contact with the right ureter. Laparoscopic cryoablation was performed to protect the ureter wrapped with gauze.

Low-dose rituximab induction therapy is effective in immunological high-risk renal transplantation without increasing cytomegalovirus infection.

Objectives: To analyze the effect and impact of low-dose rituximab induction therapy on cytomegalovirus infection in living-donor renal transplantation.

Methods: A total of 92 recipients undergoing living-donor renal transplantation at Okayama University Hospital from May 2009 to August 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Indications for preoperative rituximab (200 mg/body) were the following: (i) ABO major mismatch; (ii) ABO minor mismatch; (iii) donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibody-positive; and (iv) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Long-term ureteroscopic management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: 28-year single-centre experience.

Background: Long-term survival outcomes of patients who undergo endoscopic management of non-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma remain uncertain. The longest mean follow-up period in previous studies was 6.1 years.

Quality of Life and Mental Satisfaction Improve Slowly in Preemptive Kidney Transplantation Compared With Nonpreemptive Kidney Transplantation.

Background And Aims: Preemptive kidney transplantation (PEKT) is recognized as the best therapy to avoid dialysis. However, it is not clear whether PEKT recipients experience an improvement in quality of life (QoL) after kidney transplantation (KT) that exceeds that of non-PEKT recipients, since PEKT recipients have not experienced the heavy burden of dialysis. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in QoL for PEKT and non-PEKT recipients following transplantation.