Do Children and Adolescents Prefer Pediatric Attire over White Attire during Dental Appointments? A Meta-analysis of Prevalence Data.

Purpose: To evaluate the preferences of children and adolescents regarding the professional attire used by dentists (pediatric or white attire).

Materials And Methods: Seven electronic databases were searched without restriction regarding language and publication date. The primary outcome was the preference of patients regarding pediatric or white attire; secondary outcomes were preference for a female or male dentist and the use of personal protective equipment or not.

Exploiting sequence and stability information for directing nanobody stability engineering.

Background: Variable domains of camelid heavy-chain antibodies, commonly named nanobodies, have high biotechnological potential. In view of their broad range of applications in research, diagnostics and therapy, engineering their stability is of particular interest. One important aspect is the improvement of thermostability, because it can have immediate effects on conformational stability, protease resistance and aggregation propensity of the protein.

Biobanking of different body fluids within the frame of IVF-a standard operating procedure to improve reproductive biology research.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to develop a standard operating procedure (SOP) for the collection, transport, and storage of human cumulus cells, follicular fluid, blood serum, seminal plasma, embryo culture supernatant, and embryo culture supernatant control obtained within the IVF process under approved protocols and written informed consent from participating patients. The SOP was developed at the Kinderwunsch Institut Schenk, Dobl, Austria, together with Biobank Graz of the Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Methods: The SOP provides comprehensive details of laboratory procedures and sampling of the different fluids within the IVF process.

Protein Profiling Gastric Cancer and Neighboring Control Tissues Using High-Content Antibody Microarrays.

In this study, protein profiling was performed on gastric cancer tissue samples in order to identify proteins that could be utilized for an effective diagnosis of this highly heterogeneous disease and as targets for therapeutic approaches. To this end, 16 pairs of postoperative gastric adenocarcinomas and adjacent non-cancerous control tissues were analyzed on microarrays that contain 813 antibodies targeting 724 proteins. Only 17 proteins were found to be differentially regulated, with much fewer molecules than the numbers usually identified in studies comparing tumor to healthy control tissues.

Methods for analyzing and quantifying protein-protein interaction.

Genome sequencing has led to the identification of many proteins, which had not been recognized before. In consequence, the basic set of human proteins is generally known. Far less information, however, exists about protein-protein interactions, which are required and responsible for cellular activities and their control.

Optimised 'on demand' protein arraying from DNA by cell free expression with the 'DNA to Protein Array' (DAPA) technology.

Unlabelled: We have previously described a protein arraying process based on cell free expression from DNA template arrays (DNA Array to Protein Array, DAPA). Here, we have investigated the influence of different array support coatings (Ni-NTA, Epoxy, 3D-Epoxy and Polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEGMA)). Their optimal combination yields an increased amount of detected protein and an optimised spot morphology on the resulting protein array compared to the previously published protocol.

The Global Sequence Signature algorithm unveils a structural network surrounding heavy chain CDR3 loop in Camelidae variable domains.

Background: A large fraction of camelid (camels and llamas) antibodies is composed of heavy chain-only homodimers, able to recognise antigens with their variable domain. Events in somatic assembly and maturation of antibodies such as hypermutations and rearrangement of variable loops (CDRs - complementary determining regions) and selection among a wide range of framework variants are generally considered to be random processes.

Methods: An original algorithmic approach (Global Sequence Signature-GSS) was developed, able to take into account multiple functional and/or local sequence properties to detect scattered evolutionary constraints into sequences.

Ribosome display and screening for protein therapeutics.

Ribosome display is a cell-free display technology which enables in vitro selection of antibodies from large recombinant DNA libraries. It also allows continuous introduction of mutations into the selected DNA pool by PCR-based mutagenesis in each cycle, enabling selection of antibody variants with improved affinity, specificity, and stability, thus providing a powerful "protein evolution" tool for optimizing antibody therapeutics. Ribosome display selects required molecules by linking individual proteins (phenotype) with their corresponding mRNAs (genotype) through the formation of stable Protein-Ribosome-mRNA (PRM) complexes.

Eukaryotic ribosome display with in situ DNA recovery.

Ribosome display is a cell-free display technology for in vitro selection and optimisation of proteins from large diversified libraries. It operates through the formation of stable protein-ribosome-mRNA (PRM) complexes and selection of ligand-binding proteins, followed by DNA recovery from the selected genetic information. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosome display systems have been developed.

Cell free expression put on the spot: advances in repeatable protein arraying from DNA (DAPA).

We have previously described the 'DNA array to protein array' (DAPA) method for microarraying of proteins expressed by cell-free systems in situ on the array surface. In this technique, a DNA array on one slide acts as the template for generating a protein array on a second slide, mediated by a cell free lysate between the two juxtaposed slides. Here we explore the feature of the repeatability of the technology, in which the same DNA array is reused several times, and use the method to generate a microarray of 116 diverse proteins.

A single-step procedure of recombinant library construction for the selection of efficiently produced llama VH binders directed against cancer markers.

Heavy chain antibodies are naturally occurring in camelidae (camels and llamas). Their variable domain (VHH) can be efficiently produced as a recombinant protein in E. coli with a large range of applications in the fields of diagnostics and immunotherapy.

Birth after treatment of a male with seminoma and azoospermia with cryopreserved-thawed testicular tissue.

The case of an infertile couple in which a testicular seminoma and azoospermia were discovered in the husband during infertility treatment is described. A small piece of testicular tissue, obtained by biopsy from the healthy testis [testicular sperm extraction (TESE)], was deep-frozen before oncology therapy was initiated. The patient's lymphocyte karyotype was normal and no Y microdeletions were found.

Level of voice among female and male high school students: relational context, support, and gender orientation.

Adolescence brings with it displays of false self-behavior, including the suppression of opinions. C. Gilligan (1993) argued that lack of "voice" is problematic for girls when they enter adolescence.