Parental Sociodemographic Characteristics and Bruxism's Risk Factors Among Children: Saudi Arabian Evaluation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between sleep bruxism (SB) among children and parental sociodemographic characteristics and SB risk factors (eg, nose obstruction).

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 250 parents of children under the age of 13 who visited pediatric dental clinics. Data were collected through a questionnaire completed by parents.

Use of Remote Regulatory Assessment (RRA) for Site Evaluations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The USFDA's Office of Study Integrity and Surveillance (OSIS) Perspective.

Travel restrictions during the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) public health emergency affected the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) ability to conduct on-site bioavailability/bioequivalence (BA/BE) and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) nonclinical inspections.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrates Based on Photonic Crystal Embedded Bi-Metallic Nanoparticles for Leptospiral DNA Detection.

Leptospirosis is an acute bacterial febrile disease affecting humans and animals in many tropical and subtropical countries. This work presents an optimization of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates to probe vibrational spectroscopic detail from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The pathogenic gene of LipL32 was used as a biomarker.

Remote Regulatory Assessments of Bioavailability/Bioequivalence Study Conduct by the Office of Study Integrity and Surveillance.

The Office of Study Integrity and Surveillance (OSIS) in CDER in FDA coordinates and conducts inspections of sites conducting bioavailability and/or bioequivalence (BA/BE) studies supporting regulatory submissions. In response to travel restrictions during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) public health emergency, OSIS developed and began conducting remote assessments of BA/BE sites in 2020. This paper provides an overview of remote regulatory assessments (RRAs) and OSIS's approach to RRAs, including procedures, experiences, and examples of findings during RRAs.

Tobacco use and khat chewing among adolescents in Yemen: a large-scale school-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: The present study sought to assess the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use (cigarette smoking and shisha use) and khat chewing among Yemeni adolescents, and to evaluate their knowledge and attitudes toward these habits.

Methods: This school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 13 to 19-year-old students attending middle/high schools (both private and public) across five main cities in Yemen. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires comprising questions/items related to sociodemographic data, cigarette smoking, shisha use, khat chewing, and knowledge on and attitudes toward these habits.

The factors associated with the knowledge of brushing teeth with fluoridated toothpaste among high school students in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: The use of fluoridated toothpaste (FT) is essential for controlling caries. This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to determine the proportion of students who brushed their teeth with fluoridated toothpaste/or do not know the content at least once a day and to determine the factors associated with the knowledge of brushing teeth with FT.

Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was distributed during the academic year 2019-2020 among 439 high school students.

Evaluation of role of Tigecycline among clinically significant multidrug resistant pathogens from a tertiary care hospital.

Background: Tigecycline, a glycylcycline antibiotic is a promising option for the treatment of single or multidrug resistant pathogens. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in-vitro Tigecycline susceptibility of various pathogens from clinical samples received at the tertiary care hospitals in South India.

Methods: The analysis of specimens from patients admitted were carried out in this prospective cross sectional study.

Factors associated with reactogenicity to an investigational HIV vaccine regimen in HIV vaccine trials network 702.

Background: Reactogenicity informs vaccine safety, and may influence vaccine uptake. We evaluated factors associated with reactogenicity in HVTN 702, a typical HIV vaccine efficacy trial with multiple doses and products.

Methods: HVTN 702, a phase 2b/3 double-blind placebo-controlled trial, randomized 5404 African participants aged 18-35 years without HIV to placebo, or ALVAC-HIV (vCP2438) at months 0, 1 and ALVAC-HIV (vCP2438) + Bivalent Subtype C gp120/MF59 at months 3, 6, 12 and 18.

Validity and reliability of a teledentistry survey among dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The perception of teledentistry use among dental practitioners in various contexts was assessed using the Teledentistry Survey (the TDS-24). However, this survey's psychometric analyses have not yet been analysed. This present study aims to examine the validity and reliability of the TDS-24 in a sample of dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia.

The comparability tales: A phase-appropriate roadmap for CGT drug product development.

Cell and gene therapies (CGTs) have revolutionized patient outcomes and provided care options for previously untreatable conditions. The clinical and commercial progress of CGT therapies is hindered by chemistry, manufacturing, and control (CMC) challenges. This article summarizes recommendations from the 2023 Annual Meeting CMC sessions wherein speakers advocated for science-driven comparability strategies, proactive risk assessments, clearer regulatory guidance, and a shift from retrospective to prospective studies.

Forecasting Head and Neck Cancer Trends in GCC Countries: Implications for Public Health Policy and Strategy.

Purpose: The data available on the incidence and mortality rates of head and neck cancer types (HNCs) in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) have relied on global trends and covered only certain cancer sites, types or certain age groups. This study aimed to assess the incidence and mortality rates of head and neck cancer (HNCs) within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, providing insights into their geographic variability in 2020.

Methods: Prediction of the magnitude of the disease to 2040 was explored based on demographic projections.

Symptoms and steroid dose adjustments following the Covid-19 vaccine in patients with adrenal insufficiency.

Background: A proportion of patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) require increases in their maintenance glucocorticoids following the Covid-19 vaccine as a result of vaccine-related symptoms or development of incipient or frank adrenal crisis. In a large cohort of AI patients, we aim to characterise symptoms, changes in glucocorticoid dosage, occurrence of adrenal crises and whether there are differences between the mRNA and adenovirus vector vaccines.

Patients And Methods: Patients with AI of any aetiology were invited to complete a short, structured questionnaire of their experience of the Covid-19 vaccination.

The impact of periodontal disease on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A possible relationship between periodontitis (PD) and COVID-19 and its adverse outcomes has been suggested. Hence, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the available evidence regarding the potential association between periodontitis (PD) and COVID-19 and its adverse outcomes.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published up to April 15, 2023.

Pituitrin Injection before Hysteroscopic Curettage for Treating Type I Cesarean Scar Pregnancy in Comparison with Uterine Artery Embolization: A Retrospective Study.

Background: The effectiveness and safety of pituitrin injection coupled with hysteroscopy and suction curettage as treatment for type I cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) have not been studied enough in the literature, by comparing it to uterine artery embolization (UAE) followed by suction curettage we aim to determine its efficacy.

Materials And Methods: Data of 53 patients (the PIT group) with type I CSP treated with pituitrin injection combined with hysteroscopic suction curettage and 137 patients (the UAE group) with type I CSP treated with UAE followed by suction curettage were collected in retrospect. The clinical data were analyzed statistically to compare the efficacy and safety between the two groups.

Differentiating Characteristics and Responses to Treatment of New-Onset Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction in Ambulatory Patients.

Background: Differences in clinical presentation and therapy outcomes between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have been reported but described mainly among hospitalized patients. Because the population of outpatients with heart failure (HF) is increasing, we sought to discriminate the clinical presentation and responses to medical therapy in ambulatory patients with new-onset HFpEF vs. HFrEF.

Practical guide in using insulin degludec/insulin aspart: A multidisciplinary approach in Malaysia.

Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) co-formulation provides both basal and mealtime glycaemic control in a single injection. The glucose level-lowering efficacy of IDegAsp is reported to be superior or non-inferior to that of the currently available insulin therapies with a lower rate of overall hypoglycaemia and nocturnal hypoglycaemia. An expert panel from Malaysia aims to provide insights into the utilisation of IDegAsp across a broad range of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (i.

High prevalence and incidence of gonorrhoea and chlamydia in young women eligible for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in South Africa and Zimbabwe: results from the HPTN 082 trial.

Introduction: We investigated the prevalence, incidence and factors associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among young African women seeking HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Methods: HPTN 082 was a prospective, open-label PrEP study enrolling HIV-negative sexually active women aged 16-25 years in Cape Town and Johannesburg, South Africa, and Harare, Zimbabwe. Endocervical swabs from enrolment, months 6 and 12 were tested for (GC) and (CT) by nucleic acid amplification, and (TV) by a rapid test.

Impact of resilience and environmental stress on burnout of students in public and private dental schools in Western Saudi Arabia.

Background: Dental students' burnout has been repeatedly reported in the literature; however, there is little information about the contributing factors in different contexts and settings.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between burnout among undergraduate dental students and sociodemographic (specifically gender), psychological (resilience), and structural factors (dental environment stress).

Subjects And Methods: An online cross-sectional survey questionnaire was distributed among a convenience sample of 500 undergraduate Saudi dental students.