A qualitative descriptive study examining the impact of child-raising experience on Japanese family doctors.

Background: The Patient-Centered Clinical Method (PCCM) plays an important role in family doctors' ability to communicate effectively with patients. Although the parenting experiences of healthcare providers can be utilized to communicate with patients, it is unclear how they contribute to family doctors' practice.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study focusing on the parenting experiences of Japanese family doctors and their perceptions of how these experiences interfaced with their clinical practice of the PCCM was conducted.

Palliative care practices and their relationship to training: A cross-sectional study of community-oriented physicians.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the training methods family physicians (FPs) use to enhance their professional development in palliative care. We also determined the relationship between these methods and palliative care practice.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to 557 FPs.

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and parental cognitions: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adults interfere with parental functioning. Dysfunctional parental cognitions may play a role in this impairment. Despite the importance of parental cognitions on parents and children's outcomes, up to now, no systematic review or meta-analysis of these findings is available.

[Meta-Analytic Review of Studies on the Relationship Between Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Parenting Behaviour: Comparison of Studies Using Self-Report and Observation].

Background/aims: Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects parental functioning which in turn has an impact on the off spring's psychopathology. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the relationship between parental ADHD symptoms and parental behaviour, focusing on comparative evaluation of studies using self-report and behavioural observation.

Method: A systematic literature search was conducted in three databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus) resulting 13 studies and 87 effect-sizes (N = 2018) for a metaanalysis.

Impact of general practice / family medicine training on Japanese junior residents:a descriptive study.

Background: Despite international recognition of the impact of general practice / family medicine training on postgraduate training outcomes, there have been few reports from Japan.

Methods: Junior residents who participated in community medicine training for one month between 2019 and 2022 were enrolled in the study. The settings were five medical institutions (one hospital and four clinics) that had full-time family doctors.

Fukushima study for Engaging people with type 2 Diabetes in Behaviour Associated Change (FEEDBACK): study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: The growing burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the rising cost of healthcare worldwide make it imperative to identify interventions that can promote sustained self-management behaviour in T2DM populations while minimising costs for healthcare systems. The present FEEDBACK study (Fukushima study for Engaging people with type 2 Diabetes in Behaviour Associated Change) aims to evaluate the effects of a novel behaviour change intervention designed to be easily implemented and scaled across a wide range of primary care settings.

Methods: A cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a 6-month follow-up will be conducted to evaluate the effects of the FEEDBACK intervention.

Short Mindfulness-Based Relaxation Training Has No Effects on Executive Functions but May Reduce Baseline Cortisol Levels of Boys in First Grade: A Pilot Study.

(1) Background: Executive functions are important for academic performance and school readiness. Children's executive function skills are found to be improved by mindfulness-based interventions, and these programs are also effective in stress reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and the effects of a short mindfulness-based relaxation training compared to a passive control condition right before school entry on executive function skills and cortisol levels.

Impact of general practice / family medicine clerkships on Japanese medical students: Using text mining to analyze reflective writing.

Background: In order for general practice / family medicine clerkships to be improved in undergraduate medical education, it is necessary to clarify the impacts of general practice / family medicine clerkships. Using text mining to analyze the reflective writing of medical students may be useful for further understanding the impacts of clinical clerkships on medical students.

Methods: The study involved 125 fifth-year Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine students in the academic year 2018-2019.

Co-creation and collaboration: A promising approach towards successful implementation. Experience from an integrated communication and mental health skills training programme for Japanese General Practice.

Introduction: This paper describes the co-creation and delivery of an integrated training programme in communication and depression assessment & management for Japanese GPs.

Methods: Experts in communication and depression from EACH and WONCA developed a framework and filled it with content. Through iterative discussions with the Japanese participants and experts during delivery, the training was further adjusted to match local needs.

Developing measures to capture the true value of primary care.

Primary care (PC) is an essential building block for any high quality healthcare system, and has a particularly positive impact on vulnerable patients. It contributes to the overall performance of health systems, and countries that reorient their health system towards PC are better prepared to achieve universal health coverage. Monitoring the actual performance of PC in health systems is essential health policy to support PC.

The APEC Digital Hub-WONCA Collaborative Framework on Integration of Mental Health into Primary Care in the Asia Pacific.

Mental ill health affects individual well-being and national economic prosperity and makes up a substantial portion of the burden of disease globally, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. Integrating mental health into primary care is widely considered a key strategy to improve access to mental health care. Integration, however, is a complex process that needs to be addressed at multiple levels.

Priorities for primary health care policy implementation: recommendations from the combined experience of six countries in the Asia-Pacific.

Primary health care is essential for equitable, cost-effective and sustainable health care. It is the cornerstone to achieving universal health coverage against a backdrop of rising health expenditure and aging populations. Implementing strong primary health care requires grassroots understanding of health system performance.

The efficacy of different interventions to foster children's executive function skills: A series of meta-analyses.

In the present meta-analysis all available evidence regarding the efficacy of different behavioral interventions for children's executive function skills were synthesized. After a systematic search we included experimental studies aiming to enhance children's (up to 12 years of age) executive functioning with neurodevelopmental tests as outcome measures. The results of 100 independent effect sizes in 90 studies including data of 8,925 children confirmed that it is possible to foster these skills in childhood (Diamond & Lee, 2011).

A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence on the near- and far-transfer effects among children's executive function skills.

In the present meta-analysis we examined the near- and far-transfer effects of training components of children's executive functions skills: working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. We found a significant near-transfer effect (g = 0.44, k = 43, p < .

Primary healthcare policy implementation in the Eastern Mediterranean region: Experiences of six countries.

Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) is essential for equitable access and cost-effective healthcare. This makes PHC a key factor in the global strategy for universal health coverage (UHC). Implementing PHC requires an understanding of the health system under prevailing circumstances, but for most countries, no data are available.

Primary healthcare policy implementation in South Asia.

Primary healthcare is considered an essential feature of health systems to secure population health and contain costs of healthcare while universal health coverage forms a key to secure access to care. This paper is based on a workshop at the 2016 World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) South Asia regional conference, where the health systems of Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka were presented in relation to their provision of primary healthcare. The five countries have in recent years improved the health of their populations, but currently face the challenges of non-communicable diseases and ageing populations.

Interventions for body weight reduction in obese patients during short consultations: an open-label randomized controlled trial in the Japanese primary care setting.

Background: Family physicians should maintain regular contact with obese patients to ensure they effectively reduce their body weight. However, family physicians in Japan have on average only 6 (min) per consultation, and conventional interventions for body weight reduction require a longer consultation or additional manpower. A brief intervention within the limited consultation time available is therefore needed.