Genetic and proteomic biomarkers of head-and-neck cancer: A systematic review.

Development of human genetic and proteomic research has increased the interest in alternative head-and-neck cancer (HNC) detection methods. The aim of this article, the second of two-part series, was to review the scientific literature about novel HNC genetic and proteomic biomarkers. A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines by accessing the NCBI PubMed database.

Self-inflicted face gunshot injuries: two case reports.

Self-inflicted gunshot injuries to the head and neck area are challenging cases. Immediate and complex approach is required due to complexity of head and neck anatomy. The extent of injury largely depends on velocity of a rifle and penetrated tissues.

Modern molecular biomarkers of head and neck cancer. Part I. Epigenetic diagnostics and prognostics: Systematic review.

Introduction: Nearly half of the head and neck cancer cases are diagnosed in late stages. Traditional screening modalities have many disadvantages. The aim of the present article was to review the scientific literature about novel head and neck cancer diagnostics - epigenetic biomarkers.

[Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and concentrations of epidermal growth factor and melatonin in endometrial carcinoma].

The aim of the research was to study the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) expression, measure Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and melatonin concentrations in patients with endometrial carcinomas. In order to reveal EGFR expression, immunohistochemical examination of morphologic material (tumor of the uterine body, histopathological diagnosis: endometrial carcinoma) from 21 patients was performed. The EGF blood plasma levels were measured using the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and epidermal growth factor blood plasma content in simple and complex endometrial hyperplasia].

The goal of our study was to concurrently determine the prognostic significance of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) expression in endometrium and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) blood content in simple and complex hyperplasia. In order to detect EGFR expression, immunohistochemical examination of endometrial scarp from 35 patients was done along with HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) method, for measuring EGF blood plasma content. The numerical data obtained were processed statistically using computer program SPSS-12.

[Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and plasmatic level of melatonin in simple and complex endometrial hyperplasia].

The goal of our research was to find the prognostic significance of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the hyperplastic endometrium. Immunohistochemical study of morphological material (endometrial scrap) was conducted in order to reveal the EGFR expression (in 35 patients). The study of consistence of melatonin (universal antiproliferative and anticancerogenic hormone) in patients' blood serum was performed as well (using ELISA method).

Pancreatic D-cells in aging and intraislet effects of pancreatic somatostatin.

In old organisms pancreatic D-cells are not changed in number. During the aging in mentioned cells takes place the intensification of secretory and extrusive functions, which are more prominent in old organisms than in young ones. Peripherally situated D-cells are vascularly ineffective within the pancreatic islet and do not suppress locally B- and A-cells.

The study of melatonin protective activity on pancreatic β-cells under the condition of alloxan-induced diabetes during aging.

The aim of our research was to study the influence of melatonin on pancreatic β-cells under the condition of alloxan-induced Diabetes Mellitus - especially in old age, when the mentioned disease frequently takes place. 56 male white rats were used in the study. Two age groups were selected: adult period of life and late senescent period of life.

Morphological pre-conditions of diabetes mellitus' development under chronic lipid-loading during aging.

Chronic lipid loading in pancreatic beta-cells of young and old animals causes the intensification of secretion the morphologic equivalents of which are revealed by elevation of number and sizes of mitochondria, granular endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi apparatus of beta-cells with the quantitative increase of intraorganelle ultrastructures and decrease of volume share and number of secretor granules, which are more prominent in old animals. After definitive period following the chronic lipid loading the secretor processes in young age are normalized (organelles turn back to their initial volume state and consist of the same initial number of intraultrastructures), whereas in old age -- are markedly lower compared with the norm (size and number of organelles and their inner structures are decreased; volume part of secretory granules is increased); in some part of beta-cells complete block of secretion takes place (in the part of beta-cells the irreversible changes are developed; stagnation of secrete is prominent). Therefore any metabolic disease or syndrome running on the background of chronic lipidemia, seems to be a risk-factor for development of Diabetes Mellitus in organisms of old age.

Stereometrical peculiriaties of energy-forming ultrastructures of pancreatic beta -cells under lipid loading during aging.

Chronic lipid loading in pancreatic beta -cells mitochondria of young and old animals causes the activation of ATP generation necessary for insulin secretion, activation of signalling system necessary for initiation of insulin secretion (the morphologic equivalents of which are revealed by elevation of volume share of mitochondrial matrix and increase of volume and number of crysts in the beta -cells), more prominent in old organisms. After loading with lipids in the certain term in young age mitochondrial processes are normalized (matrix turns back to initial volume, the crysts - to initial size and number), whereas in old age in comparison with the norm the activity of ATP-synthesis and signalling system are markedly impaired (significant decrease of matrix volume part and number of crysts, very marked elevation of volume part of aggregative-destructive sites, most important widening of intramembranous space); in some part of mitochondria complete energetic lack and blockage of signalling system take place (in some mitochondria the destructive-disorganization processes are markedly evident).