Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Patients with Cognitive Impairment: Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers.

Introduction: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by amyloid β (Aβ) deposition in brain vessels, leading to hemorrhagic phenomena and cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based criteria allow a diagnosis of probable CAA in vivo, but such a diagnosis cannot predict the eventual development of CAA.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 464 patients with cognitive disorders whose data were included in a brain health biobank.

Pimavanserin Treatment for Psychosis in Patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Case Series.

BACKGROUND Many patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) experience cholinesterase inhibitor- and antipsychotic-resistant psychosis. The new second-generation antipsychotic pimavanserin has been used with some success in the treatment of psychosis in other forms of dementia, including Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease dementia. It is possible that pimavanserin may also be useful in the treatment of psychosis in DLB.

IPA and WPA-SOAP position statement on deprivation of liberty of older persons with mental health conditions.

In recognition of the challenges faced by older persons deprived of their liberty, a call was made for input into the 2022 report to the United Nations Human Rights Council (HRC) on older persons. This Position Statement outlines the views of two global organizations, the International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) and the World Psychiatric Association Section of Old Age Psychiatry (WPA-SOAP), working together to provide rights and dignity-based mental health services to older persons and it was sent to the Independent Expert on the enjoyment of all human rights by older persons at HRC.

Neuropsychological presentation of colpocephaly and porencephaly with symptom onset in adulthood.

Colpocephaly is a form of congenital ventriculomegaly while porencephaly describes any full-thickness defect within the brain which usually presents as a cystic structure. Postulated aetologies include intrauterine/perinatal injuries, genetic disorders, and morphogenesis error. Colopocephaly and porencephaly is typically diagnosed in infancy while diagnosis in adulthood is exceptionally rare.

Advances in Management of Psychosis in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Purpose Of The Review: Psychosis is broadly defined as a disengagement from reality. It describes syndromes that impair both thought content and thought process. Psychosis negatively impacts an individual's quality of life, in addition to the families caring for them.

Postmenopausal cognitive changes and androgen levels in the context of apolipoprotein E polymorphism.

Introduction: The focus of this study was to assess cognitive functions in relation to androgens and specifically testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in postmenopausal women as well as the correlation between cognitive functions and these two androgens according to polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE).

Material And Methods: A group of 402 women was recruited to the study (minimum 2 years after the last menstruation, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) more than 30 U/ml and no dementia signs on Montreal Cognitive Assessment). The computerized battery of the Central Nervous System Vital Signs test was used to diagnose cognitive functions.

Linking Orders in Electronic Medical Records Can Improve the Frequency With Which Recommended Treatments Are Ordered as Illustrated in the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to collect objective data concerning the prescription of vitamin supplementation treatment in hospitalized patients at risk for alcohol withdrawal.

Methods: This study compared the total number of orders for folate, thiamine, and multivitamins with assessments ordered using the revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol (CIWA-Ar) during 2 congruent time periods in a hospital system before and after these orders were linked to determine the effectiveness of the link. Frequency counts of the order sets containing CIWA-Ar with and without doses of folate, thiamine, and multivitamins were extracted from the electronic medical record.

The Innate Immunity in Alzheimer Disease- Relevance to Pathogenesis and Therapy.

The genetic, cellular, and molecular changes associated with Alzheimer disease provide evidence of immune and inflammatory processes involvement in its pathogenesis. These are supported by epidemiological studies, which show some benefit of long-term use of NSAID. The hypothesis that AD is in fact an immunologically mediated and even inflammatory pathological process may be in fact scientifically intriguing.

Cognitive functions, apolipoprotein E genotype and hormonal replacement therapy of postmenopausal women.

Objective: The results of many studies revealed that estrogen plus progestogen therapy (EPT) may modify dementia development risk in relation to the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) polymorphisms. However, the mechanism and subsequently clinical importance of such an effect are still unexplained. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of EPT on cognitive functioning of women in their postmenopausal life in relation to APOE polymorphism.

Retinoids for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Retinoids are Vitamin A derivatives involved in cellular regulatory processes including cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth and defense against oxidative stress. Retinoids may also influence Amyloid beta processing upregulation of alpha secretase via ADAM10. Vitamin A and other retinoids also directly inhibit formation of Amyloid fibrils in vivo.

Frontiers in Alzheimer's disease therapeutics.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which begins with insidious deterioration of higher cognition and progresses to severe dementia. Clinical symptoms typically involve impairment of memory and at least one other cognitive domain. Because of the exponential increase in the incidence of AD with age, the aging population across the world has seen a congruous increase AD, emphasizing the importance of disease altering therapy.