MTSS1: beyond the integration of actin and membrane dynamics.

MTSS1 is a ubiquitously expressed intracellular protein known mainly for its involvement in basic cellular processes, such as the regulation of actin organization and membrane architecture. MTSS1 has attracted much attention for its role as a tumor suppressor, being absent or expressed at reduced levels in advanced and metastasizing cancers. Occasionally, MTSS1 is, instead, upregulated in metastasis and, in some cases, even in primary tumors.

EZH2 inhibition sensitizes retinoic acid-driven senescence in synovial sarcoma.

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is driven by a unique t(18;X) chromosomal translocation resulting in expression of the SS18-SSX fusion oncoprotein, a transcriptional regulator with both activating and repressing functions. However, the manner in which SS18-SSX contributes to the development of SS is not entirely known. Here, we show that SS18-SSX drives the expression of Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME), which is highly expressed in SS but whose function remains poorly understood.

EXPRESSION PROFILE OF miR-145, -182, -21, -27a, -29b, and -34a IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS OF YOUNG AGE.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) in young women remains a significant public health concern. While progress has been made in understanding the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of BC in this population, challenges persist. The identification and utilization of prognostic biomarkers offer valuable tools for tailoring treatment strategies and improving outcomes for BC patients.

MATERIALS OF NOBEL SYMPOSIUM 175: PRECISION MEDICINE TRANSFORMS HEALTHCARE: A NEW TRAJECTORY FOR RESEARCH AND INNOVATION SEPTEMBER 20-22, 2023, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

Nobel Symposium 175 was organized by Professor Richard Rosenquist Brandell of Karolinska Institutet and was supported by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The focus of the symposium was a discussion on the development of precision medicine in infectious and rare diseases, cancer, and complex diseases. Presentations and discussions concerned new technologies, bioinformatics, and new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on findings in basic research.

FEATURES OF COL1A1 EXPRESSION IN BREAST CANCER TISSUE OF YOUNG PATIENTS.

Background: In the last decades, the incidence of breast cancer (BCa) in young women has been increasing steadily. The quantitative indicators of expression of collagen, which play important role in stromal microenvironment, and their association with the age and survival rates of BCa patients have not been yet definitively clarified.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the COL1A1 gene expression at the mRNA and protein levels in BCa tissue and the clinicopatological features and survival rates of BCa patients of different age groups.

MTSS1 is downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) which disrupts adherens junctions leading to enhanced cell migration and invasion.

Loss of cell-cell adhesions is the indispensable first step for cancer cells to depart from the primary tumor mass to metastasize. Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) is frequently lost in metastatic tissues, correlating to advanced tumor stages and poor prognosis across a variety of cancers. Here we explore the anti-metastatic mechanisms of MTSS1, which have not been well understood.

Comparative Analysis of the Embryonal Brain Tumors Based on Their Molecular Features.

Pediatric brain tumors currently show the highest incidence among solid childhood malignancies and, together with leukemia, are the leading cause of death from cancer in childhood. Embryonal brain tumors are the most common and frequent type of childhood brain cancer and are usually characterized by an extremely aggressive course of the disease with the worst outcomes in most cases. There is an urgent need for specific refined molecular diagnostics, which would help to develop personalized treatment.

STK4 protein expression pattern follows different trends in endometrioid and serous endometrial adenocarcinoma upon tumor progression.

In a previous study, we showed that serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 (STK4) is involved in the control on proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer (EC) cells in vitro. In the present paper, we studied STK4 expression in EC tissues from a large cohort of patients to determine whether STK4 can serve as a marker for the aggressiveness and prognosis of EC. Tissue samples from patients with EC were examined for tumor type, grade, and stage.

EXPRESSION OF MARKERS OF BONE TISSUE REMODELING IN BREAST CANCER AND PROSTATE CANCER CELLS IN VITRO.

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to compare the expression of markers of bone remodeling in vitro in breast cancer (BCa) cells and prostate cancer (PCa) cells varying in their malignancy phenotype.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed on human BCa cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 lines) and PCa cells (LNCaP and DU-145 lines). Expression levels of bone tissue remodeling proteins (osteopontin (OPN), osteonectin (ON) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) were determined immunocytochemically.

DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION PATTERN OF AIP, UCKL1, AND PKN1 GENES IN PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS.

Background: The evolution of research on the therapy of prostate cancer (PC) depends on a study of molecules that are involved in the progression of this disease. Nevertheless, there is a need for additional biomarkers that would help to refine the molecular profile of PC and propose the personalized therapeutic approach.

Aim: To study differential expression patterns of the AIP, UCKL1, and PKN1 genes in blood sera and tumor tissue of patients with PC with different Gleason scores.

Upregulation of PKN1 as a Prognosis Biomarker for Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Several markers of survival among endometrial cancer (EC) patients have been proposed, namely, the oncoprotein stathmin, RAF kinase inhibitor (RKIP), Cyclin A, GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), and growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15). Their elevated expression correlated significantly with a high stage, serous papillary/clear cell subtypes, and aneuploidy. In a previous study, we reported the elevated expression of the serine/threonine protein kinase N1 (PKN1) in cancerous cells.

Expression of the Chemokine Receptor CCR1 in Burkitt Lymphoma Cell Lines Is Linked to the CD10-Negative Cell Phenotype and Co-Expression of the EBV Latent Genes EBNA2, LMP1, and LMP2.

Chemokines and their receptors regulate the migration of immune cells and the dissemination of cancer cells. CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, and CCR5 all belong to a single protein homology cluster and respond to the same inflammatory chemokines. We previously reported that CCR1 and CCR2B are induced upon Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of B cells in vitro.

A Comparative Study on the Viability of Normal and Cancerous Cells upon Irradiation with a Steady Beam of THz Rays.

Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic radiation is commonly used in astronomy, security screening, imaging, and biomedicine, among other applications. Such approach has raised the question of the influence of THz irradiation on biological objects, especially the human body. However, the results obtained to date are quite controversial.

Differential expression patterns of AIP, UCKL1, and PKN1 genes in breast cancer of different molecular subtypes.

Background: Classification of breast cancer (BC) in the molecular subtypes had the enormous impact on the development of the individualized therapy. Nevertheless, there is a need for additional biomarkers that would help to refine molecular subtypes of BC and propose the therapeutic approach for each patient.

Aim: To study differential expression patterns of AIP, UCKL1, and PKN1 genes in blood sera and tumor tissue of patients with BC of different molecular subtypes.

Evaluation of dyskerin expression and the Cajal body protein WRAP53β as potential prognostic markers for patients with primary vaginal carcinoma.

Primary vaginal cancer (PVC) is a rare gynaecological malignancy, which, at present, lacks appropriate biomarkers for prognosis. The proteins dyskerin and WD repeat containing antisense to TP53 (WRAP53β), both of which exert their functions in the telomerase holoenzyme complex, have been shown to be upregulated in different cancer types. These proteins have also been proposed as prognostic markers in some types of cancer.

Expression pattern of MRPS18 family genes in gliomas.

Aim: To assess expression patterns of MRPS18 family genes in glioblastoma tissues and glioma cell lines.

Materials And Methods: Expression of MRPS18 family genes was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in glioma cell lines and glioblastoma specimens. A bioinformatic analysis of the publicly available data on the expression of these genes was also provided.

Expression pattern of MRPS18 family genes in malignantly transformed b-cells.

Aim: To compare expression patterns of proteins of a family of mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18 (MRPS18) in tumor cell lines of the B-cell origin.

Materials And Methods: The study has been performed on different subsets of tonsil B-cells and tumor cell lines of the B-cell origin using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, bioinformatic analysis of the publicly available data bases on expression.

Results: We have found that genes of the MRPS18 family (1-3) show different expression patterns in tumor cell lines of the B-cell origin.

Cell stemness is maintained upon concurrent expression of RB and the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18-2.

Stemness encompasses the capability of a cell for self-renewal and differentiation. The stem cell maintains a balance between proliferation, quiescence, and regeneration via interactions with the microenvironment. Previously, we showed that ectopic expression of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18-2 (MRPS18-2) led to immortalization of primary fibroblasts, accompanied by induction of an embryonic stem cell (ESC) phenotype.

Persistent Roseoloviruses Infection in Adult Patients with Epilepsy.

Background: Human herpesviruses (HHV)-6A, HHV-6B and HHV-7 are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, a common neurological disorder. The objective of this study was to determine the association of roseoloviruses infection with epilepsy.

Methods: 53 epilepsy patients and 104 ordinary blood donors were analyzed to determine presence of virus-specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assay (IFA), genomic sequences, viral load and gene expression by polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) and restriction analysis, HHV-6 protein expression by IFA and level of cytokines by ELISA.

The Immunogenicity in Mice of HCV Core Delivered as DNA Is Modulated by Its Capacity to Induce Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Stress Response.

HCV core is an attractive HCV vaccine target, however, clinical or preclinical trials of core-based vaccines showed little success. We aimed to delineate what restricts its immunogenicity and improve immunogenic performance in mice. We designed plasmids encoding full-length HCV 1b core and its variants truncated after amino acids (aa) 60, 98, 152, 173, or up to aa 36 using virus-derived or synthetic polynucleotides (core191/60/98/152/173/36_191v or core152s DNA, respectively).

Overexpression of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18-2 in the invasive breast carcinomas.

Background: Recent studies allow to consider the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18-2 (MRPS18-2, S18-2) as a potential oncoprotein, which suggests the need for further characterization of its expression in tumors of different genesis including breast cancer (BC). The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of the S18-2 protein in BC of luminal A and basal subtypes.

Materials And Methods: Operational material of BC patients stage І-ІІ (luminal A subtype, n = 30, and basal subtype, n = 10) was studied with the use of morphological, immunohistochemical, statistical and bioinformatic methods.

Impact of the Uridine⁻Cytidine Kinase Like-1 Protein and IL28B rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs on the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Chronic Hepatitis C Patients-A Pilot Study.

: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major causative agent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the western world. The efficacy of surveillance programs for early detection of HCC is not satisfactory: many tumors are diagnosed at the late, incurable stages. Therefore, there is a need in reliable prognostic markers for the proper follow-up of HCV-positive patients.

Upregulation of the Chemokine Receptor CCR2B in Epstein‒Barr Virus-Positive Burkitt Lymphoma Cell Lines with the Latency III Program.

CCR2 is the cognate receptor to the chemokine CCL2. CCR2⁻CCL2 signaling mediates cancer progression and metastasis dissemination. However, the role of CCR2⁻CCL2 signaling in pathogenesis of B-cell malignancies is not clear.

The MRPS18-2 protein levels correlate with prostate tumor progression and it induces CXCR4-dependent migration of cancer cells.

We have earlier found abnormal expression of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18-2 (MRPS18-2, S18-2) in endometrial cancer, compared to the expression in hyperplasia and in normal endometrium. Here we report that expression of S18-2 was increased with disease progression in clinical specimens of prostate cancer (PCa). The level of induction of epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition (EMT) correlated with the expression level of S18-2 in PCa cell lines.

The TGF-beta - SMAD pathway is inactivated in cronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.

Aim: To study the status of the tumor growth factor beta (TGFB) pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and to uncover molecular details underlying CLL cell genesis.

Objects And Methods: The study was conducted on peripheral blood samples of patients with CLL using the following methods: RNA isolation, analysis of expression of transcription factors using RT2 profiler assay, bioinformatics analysis of publicly available data bases on expression.

Results: We have shown that the TGFB - SMAD canonical pathway is not active in CLL cells.