Hip, knee, and ankle kinematics during activities of daily living: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Joint angle data from healthy subjects are necessary as baseline information.

Objective: To analyze the problems of patients who struggle with activities of daily living (ADL) due to restricted range of motion and to provide ADL guidance based on objective data.

Method: An electromagnetic three-dimensional tracking system (FASTRAK) was used to quantify the hip, knee, and ankle angles of the dominant leg of 26 healthy adults as they performed 22 ADLs related to dressing, using the toilet, bathing, picking up objects, and crouching.

Ranges of active joint motion for the shoulder, elbow, and wrist in healthy adults.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to show highly reliable normal values and three-dimensional characteristics for final range of motion during active movements of the upper extremity joints, and to develop a database from healthy participants, with the advantage of this database lying in the methods of defining shoulder axial rotation angle and of compensating for soft tissue artifacts.

Methods: We used an electromagnetic tracking system (FASTRAK) to measure three-dimensional motions of the shoulder (thoracohumeral), elbow/forearm, and wrist in 20 healthy adults (age range: 18-34 years) during active joint motion tasks of the upper extremity.

Results: Joint angles of the upper extremity at the final position of joint motion tasks were determined.