Microsporidial stromal keratitis: treatment outcomes, clinical manifestations, confocal microscopy and histopathology findings: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: Microsporidial stromal keratitis (MSK) is an uncommon disease. Only several case series have been reported. We aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, histopathology and treatment outcomes of MSK.

Anti-inflammatory effect of curcuminoids and their analogs in hyperosmotic human corneal limbus epithelial cells.

Background: To assess the efficacy of curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin [BDC]) and their analogs (tetrahydrocurcumin [THC], tetrahydrodemethoxycurcumin [THDC], tetrahydrobisdemethoxycurcumin) in reducing inflammatory cytokines and their toxicity to primary human corneal limbal epithelial cells, these cells were cultured and exposed to these compounds.

Methods: The PrestoBlue assay assessed cell viability after treatment. Anti-inflammatory effects on hyperosmotic cells were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction and significance was gauged using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests, considering p-values < 0.

Factors predicting the visual outcome of intracorneal ring segment for keratoconus.

Objectives: To identify predictive factors and to construct predictive models using epidemiological and clinical preoperative factors for the visual acuity change after intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation in patients with keratoconus.

Methods: The medical records of 287 keratoconic eyes of 230 patients implanted with ICRS at Chula Refractive Surgery Center of a tertiary university hospital (Bangkok, Thailand) between January 2012 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed for epidemiological and clinical preoperative variables, including those derived from Scheimpflug tomography. After randomly excluding one eye for each bilateral case, the remaining 230 eyes were randomized into two groups: a training group (184 eyes) and a validation group (46 eyes).

Composition and diversity of meibum microbiota in meibomian gland dysfunction and the correlation with tear cytokine levels.

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) leads to meibum stasis and pathogenic bacteria proliferation. We determined meibum microbiota via next-generation sequencing (NGS) and examined their association with tear cytokine levels in patients with MGD. This cross-sectional study included 44 moderate-severe patients with MGD and 44 healthy controls (HCs).

Efficacy of Interleukin-1β Inhibitor on Dry Eye Disease in Patients with Degenerative Arthritis.

Purpose: To evaluate diacerein (interleukin-1β inhibitor) efficacy on ocular surface disease (OSD).

Patients And Methods: This prospective observational study included patients who received diacerein for osteoarthritis and had dry eye (DE). The primary outcome was corneal staining score.

Keratoconus in Thai population - a cross-sectional hospital-based study.

Background: Studies in the epidemiology of keratoconus are limited in Southeast Asia. A study on the prevalence and characteristics of keratoconus in the Thai population could give a general idea of its impact.

Objectives: To study keratoconus prevalence in patients seeking refractive surgery and analyze the characteristics of keratoconus.

Intraocular Implantable Collamer Lens with a Central Hole Implantation: Safety, Efficacy, and Patient Outcomes.

This review summarizes the available literature and provides updates on the efficacy, safety, and patient outcomes of phakic intraocular lens implantation using implantable collamer lens (ICL), with a focus on newer models with a central port (EVO/EVO+ Visian Implantable Collamer Lens, STAAR Surgical Inc.). All studies included in this review were identified from the PubMed database and were reviewed for relevancy of their topic.

Bevacizumab Eye Drops Vs. Intra-meibomian Gland Injection of Bevacizumab for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction-Associated Posterior Blepharitis.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab eye drops compared with those of an intra-meibomian gland (MG) injection of bevacizumab when performed in conjunction with standard lid hygiene in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)-associated posterior blepharitis.

Methods: This prospective, open-label, observer-blinded randomized controlled trial included 60 eyes of 30 patients with MGD-associated posterior blepharitis who exhibited lid margin telangiectasia, treated at the Chula Refractive Surgery Center of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Patients were randomized to receive lid hygiene plus 0.

Rate of Cornea Endothelial Cell Loss and Biomechanical Properties in Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.

Our study aimed to determine the correlation between the clinical staging of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), rate of endothelial cell loss, and corneal biomechanical properties. This study combined a longitudinal retrospective/prospective analysis of corneal endothelial cell loss and a prospective cross-sectional analysis of corneal biomechanics of Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy. The trial was registered at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry as TCTR 20160927004.

Survival Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Corneal Transplantation: A 15-Year Retrospective Cohort Study at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term survival outcomes and determine the prognostic factors of corneal transplantation performed at a tertiary referral hospital in Thailand.

Design: A 15-year retrospective cohort study.

Materials And Methods: One corneal graft per patient was selected; graft failure was defined as graft opacity due to recurrent disease or endothelial cell dysfunction.

Unilateral Urrets-Zavalia syndrome after Implantable Collamer Lens implantation: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Fixed dilated pupil after ophthalmic surgery or Urrets-Zavalia syndrome occurs after anterior segment surgery and usually relates to postoperative elevation of intraocular pressure. Urrets-Zavalia syndrome results in complaints of glare, halo, and photophobia. Retention of the viscoelastic agent during Implantable Collamer Lens implantation can result in postoperative elevation of intraocular pressure and Urrets-Zavalia syndrome.

Effectiveness and Safety of Combined Application of Three Modes of 2940-nm Erbium:YAG and 1064-nm Neodymium:YAG Lasers in Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Purpose: To study the effectiveness and safety of upper and lower eyelid treatment with combined application of three modes of 2940-nm erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) and 1064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers in patients with baggy eyelids (formed by intraorbital fat herniation) who exhibited meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Patients And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients with baggy eyelid who exhibited MGD received combined laser treatment at baseline, as well as at the 4-, 8-, and 12-week follow-ups. The primary endpoint was meibum quality score at 16- and 24-week follow-ups; secondary endpoints were ocular surface index scores, tear film lipid layer thicknesses, tear break up times (TBUTs), Oxford scheme grades, and meibography grades at 16- and 24-week follow-ups.

Alteration of corneal biomechanical properties in patients with dry eye disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between symptoms and signs of dry eye diseases (DED) with corneal biomechanical parameters.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 81 participants without history of ocular hypertension, glaucoma, keratoconus, corneal edema, contact lens use, diabetes, and ocular surgery. All participants were evaluated for symptoms and signs of DED using OSDI questionnaire, tear film break-up time (TBUT), conjunctival and corneal staining (NEI grading) and Schirmer test.

Dry Eye Disease in Hemifacial Spasm Patients Treated with Botulinum Toxin Type A.

Purpose: To assess the impact of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on signs and symptoms of dry eye (DE) in affected eye of hemifacial spasm (HFS) patients and to compare the prevalence of DE between affected and non-affected eye in HFS patients.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study included participants with unilateral HFS, who received BTX-A injection as a treatment. The eyes ipsilateral to the spasm side were used as studied eyes and the contralateral eyes were used as controls.

Clinical Characteristics, Histopathology, and Treatment Outcomes of Keratitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: To identify factors associated with the prognosis in keratitis.

Patients And Methods: The medical records of 25 patients (26 eyes) diagnosed with keratitis at a referral institution were reviewed. The demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment, microbiological diagnosis, histopathological features, and outcomes were recorded.

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Pterygia from Thai Individuals.

Purpose: Pterygium, a common ocular growth, has an unknown pathogenesis and aetiology. Environmental factors such as ultraviolet light, genetic factors and viral infections may be implicated in the development of pterygia. Human papillomavirus (HPV), an oncogenic virus, has previous been detected in individuals with pterygia.

Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye.

This study evaluated human papillomavirus's (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations.

The Efficacy Between Conventional Lid Hygiene and Additional Thermal Pulsatile System in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Patients Treated with Long-Term Anti-Glaucoma Medications in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of additional thermal pulsatile system compared to standard lid hygiene alone in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients who are using long-term anti-glaucoma medications.

Patients And Methods: Well-controlled glaucoma patients who used anti-glaucoma medications for at least 1 year and had MGD were enrolled and randomized between a study group who received thermal pulsatile system (Lipiflow) treatment and standard lid hygiene, and a control group who received standard lid hygiene alone. The primary outcome was meibomian gland expression score, and the secondary outcomes were the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, Schirmer test score, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining score, lipid layer thickness (LLT), and meibography score.

Efficacy of topical bevacizumab 0.05% eye drops in dry eye disease: A double-masked, randomized trial.

The objective of this double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab 0.05% eye drops in dry eye patients. This study included Dry Eye Workshop Study (DEWS) Grade 3-4 dry eye participants (n = 31) whose tear break-up time (TBUT) was ≤5 seconds(s).

Efficacy and Safety of Intense Pulsed Light in Patients With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction-A Randomized, Double-Masked, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To study the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: This prospective randomized double-masked sham-controlled trial included 114 patients with MGD. Patients were randomized into the IPL or sham group.

Factors predicting change in corneal astigmatism following suture removal in post-penetrating keratoplasty patients.

Purpose: To identify factors predicting corneal astigmatic change following suture removal in post-penetrating keratoplasty patients.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional study included the data of 33 events of corneal suture removal from 27 post-penetrating keratoplasty patients. Sutures were removed from the steep axis of transplanted cornea with 16 interrupted corneal sutures.