Mental stress promotes the proliferation of endometriotic lesions in mice.

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the womb lining begins to grow in other sites, such as the ovaries or fallopian tubes. Endometriosis can cause pelvic pain, adhesion formation, and infertility. Here, we investigated the relationship between deterioration of endometriosis and inflammation of intraperitoneal adipose tissue in mice.

GAWBS phase noise characteristics in multi-core fibers for digital coherent transmission.

We describe the guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) phase noise characteristics in multi-core fibers (MCFs) used for a digital coherent optical fiber transmission both experimentally and analytically. We first describe the GAWBS phase noise in an uncoupled four-core fiber with a 125 µm cladding and compare the phase noise spectrum with that of a standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). We found that, unlike SSMF where the R mode is dominant, off-center cores in MCF are affected by higher-order TRn modes.

Lethal physiological effects of carbon dioxide exposure at high concentration in rats.

The acute toxicity of high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO) was investigated in anesthetized rats using physiological parameters. At an oxygen concentration of 21%, the survival time decreased in a concentration-dependent manner from ≥7.3 h at 20% CO to 1.

Living in temporary housing and later psychological distress after the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011: A cross-lagged panel model.

Living in temporary housing is a risk factor for psychological distress after a natural disaster. As temporary housing is an essential resource for those affected by disasters, investigation of factors which potentially mediate living in temporary housing and psychological distress is needed. This is a cohort study in general population of areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011.

Long-Term Undiagnosed Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Identified by Urgent Electroencephalography with Hyperventilation Activation.

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) might be underdiagnosed in cases where clinical symptoms are ambiguous. If a patient exhibits ictal psychiatric symptoms such as NCSE presentation and is misdiagnosed as having a psychiatric disorder, the patient may be treated in psychiatry settings, where continuous electroencephalography (cEEG), the gold standard for NCSE diagnosis, is typically not used. Herein, we report our experience with a patient having NCSE who exhibited psychiatric symptoms and remained misdiagnosed for many years.

Association between duration of breastfeeding based on maternal reports and dorsal and ventral striatum and medial orbital gyrus volumes in early adolescence.

Maternal breastfeeding has an impact on motor and emotional development in children of the next generation. Elucidating how breastfeeding during infancy affects brain regional structural development in early adolescence will be helpful for promoting healthy development. However, previous studies that have shown relationships between breastfeeding during infancy and cortical brain regions in adolescence are usually based on maternal retrospective recall of breastfeeding, and the accuracy of the data is unclear.

A Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus/Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Overlap Syndrome with Dissociated Pathological and Immunological Findings.

Systemic lupus erythematosus/antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis overlap syndrome (SLE/AAV OS) describes a pathological condition that presents with overlapping features of two diseases. There have been few reports of SLE/AAV OS and none from Japan. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman admitted with chief complaints of fever and decreased renal function.

Functional connectomes linking child-parent relationships with psychological problems in adolescence.

The child-parent relationship is a significant factor in an adolescent's well-being and functional outcomes. Epidemiological evidence indicates that relationships with the father and mother are differentially associated with specific psychobehavioral problems that manifest differentially between boys and girls. Neuroimaging is expected to bridge the gap in understanding such a complicated mapping between the child-parent relationships and adolescents' problems.

Genetic contribution to palatal morphology variation using three-dimensional analysis in Australian twins.

Objective: This study aimed to provide insight into the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to palatal morphology variation in a cohort of Australian twins.

Methods: Healthy Australian twins, aged 12-15 years (45 monozygotic, 46 same sex dizygotic, and 32 opposite-sex dizygotic) were included in the study groups. A scanner was used to obtain three-dimensional data of the maxillary arch.

Preclinical Toxicology of rQNestin34.5v.2: An Oncolytic Herpes Virus with Transcriptional Regulation of the ICP34.5 Neurovirulence Gene.

rQNestin34.5v.2 is an oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1 (oHSV) that retains expression of the neurovirulent ICP34.

Frontal Affinity Chromatography: A Highly Suitable Retardation Phenomenon-Based Research Tool for Analyzing Weak Interactions Between Biomolecules.

The greatest advantage of frontal affinity chromatography (FAC) is that the analyte concentration does not need to be taken into consideration, and this renders FAC an extremely favorable analytical tool for weak interactions. In this short review, we propose a straightforward explanation of the underlying mechanism. When FAC is performed using analyte solutions at relatively high concentrations, concentration-dependent retardation is observed due to competition among analyte molecules, and the elution volume changes depending on the degree of saturation of the immobilized ligand.

Overlapping but Asymmetrical Relationships Between Schizophrenia and Autism Revealed by Brain Connectivity.

Although the relationship between schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has long been debated, it has not yet been fully elucidated. The authors quantified and visualized the relationship between ASD and SSD using dual classifiers that discriminate patients from healthy controls (HCs) based on resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging. To develop a reliable SSD classifier, sophisticated machine-learning algorithms that automatically selected SSD-specific functional connections were applied to Japanese datasets from Kyoto University Hospital (N = 170) including patients with chronic-stage SSD.

Cost-effective culture of human induced pluripotent stem cells using UV/ozone-modified culture plastics with reduction of cell-adhesive matrix coating.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are considered to be one of the most promising cell resources for regenerative medicine. HiPSCs usually maintain their pluripotency when they are cultured on feeder cell layers or are attached to a cell-adhesive extracellular matrix. In this study, we developed a culture system based on UV/ozone modification for conventional cell culture plastics to generate a suitable surface condition for hiPSCs.

Response of Jugular Venous Pressure to Exercise in Patients With Heart Failure and Its Prognostic Usefulness.

Jugular venous pressure (JVP) has been established for the assessment of central venous pressure in patients with heart failure (HF), but data are limited regarding the response of JVP to exercise because of its complicated methods. Simplifying the estimation of JVP may be applied in such situations. JVP was assessed before and after the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in 81 patients with HF using a simple method by which the JVP was considered high when the internal jugular venous pulsation on the right side was visually identified above the right clavicle in the sitting position.

Social withdrawal and testosterone levels in early adolescent boys.

Social withdrawal may lead to mental health problems and can have a large impact on a life course, particularly among boys. To support adolescents with social withdrawal, an integrative understanding of the biological bases would be helpful. Social dominance, a possible opposite of social withdrawal, is known to have positive associations with testosterone levels.

Sensitivity to gene dosage and gene expression affects genes with copy number variants observed among neuropsychiatric diseases.

Background: Copy number variants (CNVs) have been reported to be associated with diseases, traits, and evolution. However, it is hard to determine which gene should have priority as a target for further functional experiments if a CNV is rare or a singleton. In this study, we attempted to overcome this issue by using two approaches: by assessing the influences of gene dosage sensitivity and gene expression sensitivity.

Diffuse mesothelin expression leads to worse prognosis through enhanced cellular proliferation in colorectal cancer.

Mesothelin (MSLN) is a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface protein that is highly expressed in several types of malignant tumor, including malignant pleural mesothelioma, ovarian cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Recently, a comprehensive immunohistochemical study using MN-1 monoclonal antibody identified a significant number of colorectal tumors in which MSLN was expressed. However, the clinicopathological profiles and survival of patients with MSLN-positive colorectal cancer have not been fully analyzed.

Subcortical Brain Volume Abnormalities in Individuals With an At-risk Mental State.

Previous structural magnetic resonance imaging studies of psychotic disorders have demonstrated volumetric alterations in subcortical (ie, the basal ganglia, thalamus) and temporolimbic structures, which are involved in high-order cognition and emotional regulation. However, it remains unclear whether individuals at high risk for psychotic disorders with minimal confounding effects of medication exhibit volumetric changes in these regions. This multicenter magnetic resonance imaging study assessed regional volumes of the thalamus, caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus, hippocampus, and amygdala, as well as lateral ventricular volume using FreeSurfer software in 107 individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) (of whom 21 [19.

Theoretical and experimental analyses of GAWBS phase noise in various optical fibers for digital coherent transmission.

We describe the fiber structural dependence of guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) phase noise in a digital coherent optical fiber transmission. We present theoretical and experimental analyses of GAWBS phase noise spectra in three types of optical fibers and show that the GAWBS resonant modes are distributed over a wider bandwidth as the effective core area of the fiber becomes smaller. We also use a vector signal analysis to show phase fluctuations caused by GAWBS.

Primary functional brain connections associated with melancholic major depressive disorder and modulation by antidepressants.

The limited efficacy of available antidepressant therapies may be due to how they affect the underlying brain network. The purpose of this study was to develop a melancholic MDD biomarker to identify critically important functional connections (FCs), and explore their association to treatments. Resting state fMRI data of 130 individuals (65 melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, 65 healthy controls) were included to build a melancholic MDD classifier, and 10 FCs were selected by our sparse machine learning algorithm.