Immunity, inflammation and infection in post-partum breast and formula feeders.

Problem: Little is known about immunological recovery in post-partum women and if lactational status affects immunocompetence. Many physiological changes occur, such as uterine involution and recovery of non-pregnant immune status. These changes may also affect susceptibility to disease.

Neuroendocrine and immune relationships in postpartum fatigue.

Purpose: To explore relationships between fatigue, depression, stress, and infection in the postpartum.

Study Design And Methods: This was a cross-sectional, correlational design with a sample of 119 new mothers at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. Mothers completed fatigue, mood, and stress instruments as well as maternal and infant infection checklists.