Comparative analysis reveals the trivial role of MsrP in defending oxidative stress and virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium in mice.

Sulphur containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine are highly prone to oxidation. Reduction of oxidized methionine (Met-SO) residues to methionine (Met) by methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) enhances the survival of bacterial pathogens under oxidative stress conditions. S.

Isolation and characterization of bacteriophage Ib_pec2 against shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli.

This study was aimed to isolate and characterize bacteriophage against drug-resistant, shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC), one of the zoonotic, food-borne organisms associated with ruminants, mainly cattle. STEC were isolated (n = 35) from neonatal calves, dairy workers, and the surrounding environment and their antimicrobial resistance pattern was studied. Out of the 35 isolates tested, 17 isolates were found to be multidrug resistant to important antibiotics like ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, and tetracycline.

Pharmacologic Antagonization of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Improves Cholestasis in Abcb4 Mice.

Background & Aims: The endocannabinoid system is involved in the modulation of inflammatory, fibrotic, metabolic, and carcinogenesis-associated signaling pathways via cannabinoid receptor (CB)1 and CB2. We hypothesized that the pharmacologic antagonization of CB1 receptor improves cholestasis in Abcb4 mice.

Methods: After weaning, male Abcb4 mice were treated orally with rimonabant (a specific antagonist of CB1) or ACEA (an agonist of CB1) until up to 16 weeks of age.

Purification and characterization of Cyclophilin: a protein associated with protein folding in Salmonella Typhimurium.

Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) is a Gram-negative zoonotic pathogenic bacterium that causes infectious disease in humans as well as in animals. It causes foodborne diarrheal or gastrointestinal illness and fever called salmonellosis, which is a leading cause of millions of deaths worldwide. Salmonellaenterica serovar Typhimurium (S.

Lipid Storage and Interferon Response Determine the Phenotype of Ground Glass Hepatocytes in Mice and Humans.

Background And Aims: A histopathological hallmark of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the presence of ground glass hepatocytes (GGHs). GGHs are liver cells that exhibit eosinophilic, granular, glassy cytoplasm in light microscopy and are characterized by accumulation of HBV surface (HBs) proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). More important, GGHs have been accepted as a precursor of HCC and may represent preneoplastic lesions of the liver.

Schistosoma mansoni eggs induce Wnt/β-catenin signaling and activate the protooncogene c-Jun in human and hamster colon.

Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, with considerable morbidity in parts of the Middle East, South America, Southeast Asia, in sub-Saharan Africa, and particularly also in Europe. The WHO describes an increasing global health burden with more than 290 million people threatened by the disease and a potential to spread into regions with temperate climates like Corsica, France. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of S.

Salmonella Typhimurium peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase C (PPIase C) plays a substantial role in protein folding to maintain the protein structure.

Salmonella is a well-known food-borne pathogen causing disease in humans and animals worldwide. Peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases) catalyse the cis-trans isomerisation of prolyl bound, which is a slow and rate-limiting step of protein folding. Here, we present the biochemical and molecular characterisation of a novel multi-domain parvulin-type, PPIases-C from the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella Typhimurium, annotated as rPpiC.

Cholestasis impairs hepatic lipid storage via AMPK and CREB signaling in hepatitis B virus surface protein transgenic mice.

Clinical studies demonstrated that nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with liver-related outcomes in chronic hepatitis B. Furthermore, primary biliary fibrosis and biliary atresia occurred in patients with HBV infection. Interestingly, hepatitis B virus surface protein (HBs) transgenic mice spontaneously develop hepatic steatosis.

Identification of Salmonella Typhimurium Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans Isomerase B (PPIase B) and Assessment of their Role in the Protein Folding.

Background: Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIases) enzyme plays a vital role in protein folding. It catalyses the cis-trans isomerisation of peptide bonds, an essential step for newly synthesized protein to acquire its correct functional conformation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Objective: The present study showed the biochemical and molecular characterisation of cyclophilins (PpiB), a type of peptidyl-prolyl isomerases proteins from the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella Typhimurium.

Depletion of Bone Marrow-Derived Fibrocytes Attenuates TAA-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice.

Bone marrow-derived fibrocytes (FC) represent a unique cell type, sharing features of both mesenchymal and hematopoietic cells. FC were shown to specifically infiltrate the injured liver and participate in fibrogenesis. Moreover, FC exert a variety of paracrine functions, thus possibly influencing the disease progression.

Cannabinoid receptor 1 knockout alleviates hepatic steatosis by downregulating perilipin 2.

The endocannabinoid (EC) system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several metabolic diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). With the current study we aimed to verify the modulatory effect of endocannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1)-signaling on perilipin 2 (PLIN2)-mediated lipophagy. Here, we demonstrate that a global knockout of the cannabinoid receptor 1 gene (CB1) reduced the expression of the lipid droplet binding protein PLIN2 in the livers of CB1 and hepatitis B surface protein (HBs)-transgenic mice, which spontaneously develop hepatic steatosis.

Schistosoma mansoni Egg-Secreted Antigens Activate Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Associated Transcription Factors c-Jun and STAT3 in Hamster and Human Hepatocytes.

Clinical data have provided evidence that schistosomiasis can promote hepatocellular carcinogenesis. c-Jun and STAT3 are critical regulators of liver cancer development and progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatocellular activation of c-Jun and STAT3 by Schistosoma mansoni infection.

Depletion of membrane cholesterol compromised caspase-8 imparts in autophagy induction and inhibition of cell migration in cancer cells.

Background: Cholesterol in lipid raft plays crucial role on cancer cell survival during metastasis of cancer cells. Cancer cells are reported to enrich cholesterol in lipid raft which make them more susceptible to cell death after cholesterol depletion than normal cells. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), an amphipathic polysaccharide known to deplete the membrane cholesterol, induces cell death selectively in cancer cells.