Stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) slit-lamp photography using a compact 3D digital camera.

We describe a novel method of stereoscopic 3D slit-lamp photography using a portable compact 3D digital camera. Thirteen eyes of 13 patients underwent slit-lamp photography using a Fujifilm 3D compact digital camera. We modified a universal smartphone microscope adapter to attach the camera to the slit-lamp.

The Relationship Between Quantitative Pupillometry and Estimated Ganglion Cell Counts in Patients With Glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between pupillary light reflex and estimated retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: We recorded and analyzed pupil responses using an automated binocular pupillometer in 148 patients with glaucoma (mean age 67±11, 49% female) and 71 controls (age 60±9.6, 69% female) as part of a prospective clinical study.

Biomechanical Responses of Lamina Cribrosa to Intraocular Pressure Change Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography in Glaucoma Eyes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure change in anterior lamina cribrosa depth (ALD) globally and regionally in glaucoma eyes at different intraocular pressures (IOP).

Methods: Twenty-seven glaucoma patients were imaged before and after IOP-lowering procedures using optical coherence tomography. The anterior lamina was marked in approximately 25 locations in each of six radial scans to obtain global and regional estimates of ALD.

Unilateral Glaucoma Associated with Conjunctival Angioma and Choroidal Thickening without Facial Angioma.

We report a case of a suspected Sturge-Weber syndrome variant diagnosed at the age of 58 with the help of enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain ocular coherence tomography (EDI-SDOCT). A 58-year-old female with unilateral glaucoma was suspected to have choroidal vascular lesion, conjunctival angioma, and no facial port-wine stain who presented to the clinic with bleb dysesthesia many years after trabeculectomy. EDI-SDOCT was performed and revealed markedly increased choroidal thickness in the affected eye.

Results From a Modified Bleb Needling Procedure With Continuous Infusion Performed in the Operating Room.

Purpose: Needling of a scarred trabeculectomy bleb is often performed in the office using a slit-lamp microscope as an alternative to additional surgery to lower intraocular pressure (IOP). However, the success rate in an office setting is highly variable, with reported success rates as low as 13%. We report a retrospective assessment of an intraoperative needling technique for reviving failed blebs.

Quantitative analysis of iris parameters in keratoconus patients using optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between quantitative iris parameters and the presence of keratoconus.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study that included 15 affected eyes of 15 patients with keratoconus and 26 eyes of 26 normal age- and sex-matched controls. Iris parameters (area, thickness, and pupil diameter) of affected and unaffected eyes were measured under standardized light and dark conditions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Use of Various Glaucoma Surgeries and Procedures in Medicare Beneficiaries from 1994 to 2012.

Purpose: Determine how procedural treatments for glaucoma have changed between 1994-2012.

Design: Retrospective, observational analysis.

Participants: Medicare Part B beneficiaries.

Physical activity restriction in age-related eye disease: a cross-sectional study exploring fear of falling as a potential mediator.

Background: Fear of falling (FoF) is predictive of decreased physical activity. This study sought to determine if FoF mediates the relationship between decreased vision and physical activity restriction in individuals with glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Accelerometers were used to measure physical activity over 1 week in 59 control, 83 glaucoma, and 58 AMD subjects.

Change in choroidal thickness and axial length with change in intraocular pressure after trabeculectomy.

Background/aims: We studied the change in choroidal thickness (CT) and axial length (AL) after intraocular (IOP) changes produced by trabeculectomy.

Methods: Twenty-one eyes of 20 patients were studied preoperatively, and then postoperatively at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months. Variables measured included IOP, AL, keratometry, refractive error, central corneal thickness, and average CT in the posterior 6 mm centred on the fovea using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Assessment of a rapid method to determine approximate visual acuity in large surveys and other such settings.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an iPod application developed to rapidly measure approximate visual acuity (VA).

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study.

Methods: One hundred four subjects (104 eyes) with a wide range of VA underwent both Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) VA testing and iPod application testing.

Development and validation of an associative model for the detection of glaucoma using pupillography.

Purpose: To develop and validate an associative model using pupillography that best discriminates those with and without glaucoma.

Design: A prospective case-control study.

Methods: We enrolled 148 patients with glaucoma (mean age 67 ± 11) and 71 controls (mean age 60 ± 10) in a clinical setting.

The relationship between better-eye and integrated visual field mean deviation and visual disability.

Objective: To determine the extent of difference between better-eye visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) and integrated VF (IVF) MD among Salisbury Eye Evaluation (SEE) subjects and a larger group of glaucoma clinic subjects and to assess how those measures relate to objective and subjective measures of ability/performance in SEE subjects.

Design: Retrospective analysis of population- and clinic-based samples of adults.

Participants: A total of 490 SEE and 7053 glaucoma clinic subjects with VF loss (MD ≤-3 decibels [dB] in at least 1 eye).

Symmetry of the pupillary light reflex and its relationship to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and visual field defect.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between the pupillary light reflex (PLR) and visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.

Methods: A total of 148 patients with glaucoma (mean age 67 ± 11, 49% female) and 71 controls (mean age 60 ± 10, 69% female) were included in this study. Using a pupillometer, we recorded and analyzed pupillary responses at varied stimulus patterns (full field, superonasal and inferonasal quadrant arcs).

Increased choroidal thickness in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Importance: With the recent development of enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), it is now possible to measure choroidal thickness in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome and detect abnormalities that are not visible as part of the fundus examination.

Observations: We were successful in imaging at least 1 eye in 12 individuals with Sturge-Weber syndrome using enhanced depth imaging SD-OCT. Eyes were defined as affected if they manifested at least one of the following: darkened choroid, glaucomatous optic nerve damage, or conjunctival hyperemia.

The effect of scleral spur identification methods on structural measurements by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To assess methods for and variations in identifying the scleral spur (SS) position in anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Methods: In images of 51 eyes (patients) with open and closed anterior chamber angles, we compared the success rate and the variability of 3 approaches for identifying the SS: the ciliary muscle (CM), bump, and Schwalbe line (SL) methods using mixed effects regression models. The effect of incremental variation in SS position on anterior chamber parameters using the Anterior Segment Analysis Program (ASAP) was analyzed in 8 images.

The choroid is thicker in angle closure than in open angle and control eyes.

Purpose: To study factors associated with choroidal thickness (CT) and to compare CT in angle closure (AC), open angle (OA), and normal eyes.

Methods: Forty controls, 106 OA, and 79 AC subjects underwent measurements of posterior CT by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography, and of intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure, axial length (AL), and central corneal thickness (CCT).

Results: CT was significantly greater in AC than in OA and normal eyes (HSD test, P ≤ 0.

Choroidal thickness change after water drinking is greater in angle closure than in open angle eyes.

Purpose: To study change in choroidal thickness (CT) after water drinking test (WDT), comparing angle closure (AC) to open angle (OA) eyes.

Methods: Before and 30 minutes after drinking 1 L of water, 88 glaucoma subjects underwent measurements of CT by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography, IOP, blood pressure (BP), axial length (AL), and anterior chamber depth (ACD).

Results: Baseline CT was significantly greater in AC than in OA eyes (P = 0.

A versatile pH sensitive chondroitin sulfate-PEG tissue adhesive and hydrogel.

We developed a chondroitin sulfate-polyethylene glycol (CS-PEG) adhesive hydrogel with numerous potential biomedical applications. The carboxyl groups on chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains were functionalized with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) to yield chondroitin sulfate succinimidyl succinate (CS-NHS). Following purification, the CS-NHS molecule can react with primary amines to form amide bonds.