Impact of Certification of Competencies on Undergraduate Medical Students.

Background A competency-based undergraduate curriculum reinforces the need for certification of certain essential skills. The development of competencies would be the main emphasis of teaching-learning and assessment, which would continue until the target competency was attained. This study was planned to evaluate the impact of certification of competencies among second-year students in the Department of Pharmacology in terms of knowledge and feedback.

Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance and Failure Modes in Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored With Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate and Cast Metal Alloys: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction This study evaluates the mechanical performance of a new all-ceramic material, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS), as a restorative material for the rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth with severe coronal destruction. Material and methods Sixty extracted mandibular first premolars of similar size and shape were collected, and root canal treatment and tooth preparation were performed. They were divided into six groups as follows: Group 1 A - ZLS post and core, Group 1 B - ZLS one-piece dowel crown, Group 1 C - ZLS endocrown, Group 2 A - Cast post & core with metal crown, Group 2 B - Cast one-piece dowel crown, Group 2 C - Metal endocrown.

A Binary Prototype for Time-Series Surveillance and Intervention.

Despite much research on early detection of anomalies from surveillance data, a systematic framework for appropriately acting on these signals is lacking. We addressed this gap by formulating a hidden Markov-style model for time-series surveillance, where the system state, the observed data, and the decision rule are all binary. We incur a delayed cost, , whenever the system is abnormal and no action is taken, or an immediate cost, , with action, where .

Multimodal Digital Phenotyping of Behavior in a Neurology Clinic: Development of the Neurobooth Platform and the First Two Years of Data Collection.

Quantitative analysis of human behavior is critical for objective characterization of neurological phenotypes, early detection of neurodegenerative diseases, and development of more sensitive measures of disease progression to support clinical trials and translation of new therapies into clinical practice. Sophisticated computational modeling can support these objectives, but requires large, information-rich data sets. This work introduces Neurobooth, a customizable platform for time-synchronized multimodal capture of human behavior.

Emerging therapies in Multiple Myeloma: Leveraging immune checkpoint inhibitors for improved outcomes.

Background:: Multiple Myeloma is a hematological malignancy characterized by the proliferation of clonal plasma cells and associated with severe clinical manifestations. Despite advancements in diagnosis and management, Multiple Myeloma remains incurable, necessitating further research into more effective therapies.

Aim:: The primary objective of this review is to provide an informative and critical summary of the Multiple Myeloma microenvironment, and emerging revolutionary therapeutic approaches with potential combination therapy to improve the quality of life for Multiple Myeloma patients.

Faculty perceptions of wellness at an academic medical center.

Background: Despite national recommendations and decades of literature highlighting the importance of faculty wellness, gaps at academic medical centers remain. Multilevel wellness initiatives are necessary to create change and optimally support academic faculty.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine faculty perceptions of factors contributing to lack of wellness and proposed solutions in the context of current resources at our academic medical center in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States.

Imidazole-catalyzed construction of bridged bicyclo [3.3.1] ketals formal [3 + 3]-cycloaddition of naphthols and 2-hydroxyl chromene derivatives.

Bridged bicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes having the ,-ketal subunit are widely found in medicinal compounds.

The effect of turmeric-Boswellia formulation (Rhuleave-K) in posture-related low back soreness and discomfort: A randomized double blinded placebo controlled trial.

Background: Poor posture from work or lifestyle habits is a common cause of low back soreness and discomfort. This study investigates the potential of Rhuleave-K, a turmeric-Boswellia formulation for managing these symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Rhuleave-K (500 mg) over 15 days in alleviating posture-related low back soreness and discomfort in human participants.

HemeTEAM India: together everyone achieves more.

Background: Interprofessional team-based care has been known to aid in better patient-focused care and outcomes. However, the same concept in the space of bone marrow transplant (BMT) especially in this part of the world is currently elusive. This single-center experience from a BMT unit of India depicts the effectiveness of interdisciplinary care.

Spatial and temporal trends in HIV/AIDS burden among South Asian countries from 1990 to 2021: A systematic examination of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health concern in South Asia, and trends in disease burden vary across the region. This study analyzed spatial and temporal trends in HIV/AIDS from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021, focusing on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of GBD 2021 data, applying Joinpoint regression and auto-regressive integrated moving average models to assess trends in HIV/AIDS burden across South Asian countries.

Exploring external rarefied gas flows through the method of fundamental solutions.

The well-known Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations of fluid dynamics are, in general, not adequate for describing rarefied gas flows. Moreover, while the Stokes equations-a simplified version of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations-are effective in modeling slow and steady liquid flow past a sphere, they fail to yield a nontrivial solution to the problem of slow and steady liquid flow past an infinitely long cylinder (a two-dimensional problem essentially); this is referred to as Stokes' paradox. The paradox also arises when studying these problems for gases.

Strength in Adversity: A Qualitative Study on Resilience Among Indian Survivors of Sexual Violence.

Purpose: Although there has been substantial research that explores pathological consequences among sexual violence survivors. However, there is not enough knowledge about how these women survivors rise beyond being mere victims and develop resilience. This qualitative study explores resilience in Indian female survivors of sexual violence.

Exploring the link between parvovirus B19 and encephalitis: a systematic review and comprehensive meta-analysis of molecular and serological evidence.

Encephalitis, a severe brain inflammation, can arise due to various infectious agents, including viruses like Parvovirus B19 (B19V). Previously linked to mild neonatal and young one's illnesses and some haematological diseases, recent evidence associates B19V with encephalitis, with no clear prevalence and mechanisms in place. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine the prevalence of B19V in cases of encephalitis, exploring variations associated with diagnostic approaches, and identifying gaps in existing research to enhance clinical comprehension and diagnostic methods.

World and Human Action Models towards gameplay ideation.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform creative industries through supporting human creative ideation-the generation of new ideas. However, limitations in model capabilities raise key challenges in integrating these technologies more fully into creative practices. Iterative tweaking and divergent thinking remain key to enabling creativity support using technology, yet these practices are insufficiently supported by state-of-the-art generative AI models.

Long-term survival and undetectable circulating tumor DNA following comprehensive involved site radiotherapy for oligometastases.

Distant metastases account for ~ 90% of cancer deaths and major responses with systemic therapy alone for metastatic cancers are so rare that the National Cancer Institute launched the Exceptional Responders Initiative. Comprehensive involved site radiotherapy (ISRT) is a promising treatment for oligometastases but the role of circulating tumor DNA to confirm durable molecular response following treatment remains unexplored. Among 597 consecutive patients with distant metastases treated with radiation therapy from 2014 to 2021, 133 (22%) were oligometastatic and 464 (78%) were polymetastatic.

Assessment and Comparison of Artificial Intelligence generated Information Regarding Shoulder Arthroplasty from Multiple Interfaces.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze and compare the quality, accuracy, and readability of information regarding anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (aTSA) and reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (rTSA) provided by various AI interfaces (Open AI's ChatGPT and Microsoft's Copilot).

Methods: Thirty commonly asked questions (categorized by Rothwell criteria into Fact, Policy, and Value) by patients were inputted into ChatGPT 3.5 and Copilot.

Machine-learning versus traditional approaches to predict all-cause mortality for acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains one of the leading causes of death globally. Accurate and reliable mortality risk prediction of ACS patients is essential for developing targeted treatment strategies and improve prognostication. Traditional models for risk stratification such as the GRACE and TIMI risk scores offer moderate discriminative value, and do not incorporate contemporary predictors of ACS prognosis.

Implementation of the X-centric pulse sequence at low field for MRI of water penetration in clay.

Although the relaxation time constants of free water are relatively long, the relaxation of water in concrete and other sedimentary materials is significantly shorter. Dissolved ions and porous environments can cause increased magnetic susceptibility effects, leading to the apparent transverse relaxation time T of this water to decrease drastically, from seconds to less than a millisecond. The longer T of the low field regime (less than 0.

A rare presentation of acute onset metronidazole-induced leukoencephalopathy with rapid resolution: a case report.

Purpose: Metronidazole is a widely used antimicrobial and is generally well-tolerated, but its adverse effects can rarely manifest as ataxia, dysarthria, and encephalopathy. Rarely it can cause severe neurological toxicity in the form of Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy.

Methods: We report a 48-year-old female with acute cerebellar symptoms and altered sensorium following a 12-day course of Metronidazole.

Development of an Educational Curriculum for Implanting and Managing Vagus Nerve Stimulators for Epilepsy.

Background: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) devices are commonly used for extracranial neuromodulation of drug-resistant epilepsy. These devices are implanted by multiple surgical subspecialties and managed by practitioners with varying levels of epilepsy-specific expertise. The North American Neuromodulation Society (NANS) education committee presents a curriculum defining level-dependent recommendations within the six-core competency rubric for the implantation and management of VNS devices.

Relay Catalysis-Enabled Enantioselective Annulations of β,γ-Alkynyl-α-imino Esters with 1,3-Diones for the Divergent Synthesis of Chiral Oxacycles.

A novel protocol for the chemically divergent synthesis of chiral oxacycles has been developed using organo/metal relay catalysis. The methodology integrates a stereospecific Mannich reaction between β,γ-alkynyl-α-imino esters and 1,3-diones catalyzed by a chiral bifunctional squaramide, followed by Lewis acid-catalyzed regioselective annulation reactions. By switching the Lewis acid employed, we achieved a divergent pathway to construct structurally related pyran and furan derivatives from a common intermediate.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Fruquintinib, a Selective Oral Inhibitor of VEGFR -1, -2, and -3, in Patients with Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Fruquintinib is a selective, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of all three vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3, which is approved for patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer regardless of biomarker status. This population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis characterized sources of interpatient variability on the PK of fruquintinib and its major metabolite M11 using data from 557 subjects who received fruquintinib in five phase I/Ib studies and the FRESCO-2 phase III study. The integrated model was a one-compartment model with first-order absorption, lag time in absorption, and linear elimination for fruquintinib and a one-compartment model with linear elimination for M11.