Multidrug-resistant sepsis in special newborn care units in five district hospitals in India: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Neonatal sepsis epidemiology has been adequately reported in tertiary-care hospitals. However, such data are scarce from district hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of sepsis, pathogen profile, and antimicrobial resistance among neonates admitted to the special newborn care units in district hospitals in India.

Intravenous vs intraosseous administration of drugs for out of hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of global mortality. Timely drug administration via vascular access is critical, with intravenous (IV) and intraosseous (IO) routes being the primary options. Current guidelines prefer IV access but recommend IO when IV access is delayed.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in knee arthroplasty.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) and its subset, machine learning (ML), have significantly impacted clinical medicine, particularly in knee arthroplasty (KA). These technologies utilize algorithms for tasks such as predictive analytics and image recognition, improving preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, and postoperative complication anticipation. This systematic review presents AI-driven tools' clinical implications in total and unicompartmental KA, focusing on enhancing patient outcomes and operational efficiency.

Harnessing cleaner production and sustainability strategies for enhancing worker safety in the circular economy: A multi-dimensional analysis.

The circular economy concept has gained momentum as a potential solution to resource scarcity and environmental sustainability. While most circular economy strategies focus on environmental and economic aspects, social factors such as labor practices, community well-being, and worker safety have received limited attention. This study examines the relationship between cleaner production, sustainability strategies, and CE safety across various activities.

Stigma and discrimination experienced by Black women with endometriosis in the Washington, DC, Metropolitan area: A pilot of the ENDO-served study.

Medical racism perpetuates health inequities contributing to why Black people in the United States (US) experience worse health outcomes when compared to non-Hispanic White populations. In terms of endometriosis, research on endometriosis-associated stigma has included mainly non-Hispanic White populations, with far less research on non-Hispanic Black populations. This leaves a gap in our knowledge on how stigma informs the intersection of racism and endometriosis.

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of WRKY gene family in grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) under salinity and drought stresses.

Background: The WRKY gene family plays a significant role in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of the WRKY gene family has not been reported in Amaranthus hypochondriacus. This study presents a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the WRKY gene family in grain amaranth (A.

High-density brush-shaped polymer lipids reduce anti-PEG antibody binding for repeated administration of mRNA therapeutics.

Messenger RNA lipid-nanoparticle-based therapies represent an emerging class of medicines for a variety of applications. However, anti-poly(ethylene glycol) (anti-PEG) antibodies generated by widely used PEGylated medicines and lipid nanoparticles hinder therapeutic efficacy upon repeated dosing. Here we report the chemical design, synthesis and optimization of high-density brush-shaped polymer lipids that reduce anti-PEG antibody binding to improve protein production consistency in repeated dosing.

Response of wheat crop to water-logged conditions under different land configurations and nutrient management.

By 2050, the global population is expected to increase from 7.7 billion to 9.7 billion, and wheat will remain crucial for ensuring food security worldwide.

Daily Vitamin D3 Versus Stoss Vitamin D3 for Correction of 25OHD Deficiency in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is common in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PIBD) and has been implicated in disease pathogenesis and disease exacerbation. Current guidelines recommend oral vitamin D supplementation when 25OHD levels are below 50 nmol/L. Supplementation comes in two forms: either a daily supplement of a low dose of vitamin D3 (2000 IU) for several months or a single high dose of oral vitamin D3-termed 'stoss' therapy, with no consensus regarding optimum treatment.

Search for Magnetic Monopole Pair Production in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.

This Letter presents a search for highly ionizing magnetic monopoles in 262  μb^{-1} of ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A new methodology that exploits the properties of clusters of hits reconstructed in the innermost silicon detector layers is introduced to study highly ionizing particles in heavy-ion data.

Serial electrocardiographic changes in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Broad QRS and bundle-branch blocks are associated with poor outcomes in patients with DCM, however, studies on changes in QRS duration and morphology over long-term are limited. We retrospectively analyzed changes in ventricular activation and AV conduction in serial ECGs of 165 DCM patients with a follow-up of at least 5 years from 2003 to 2022. The mean QRS duration at the last follow-up was 114.

Early experience with the "modified jailed balloon technique" for side branch protection in bifurcation lesions.

Objective: M-JBT is a novel approach to the "keep-it-open strategy" for bifurcation lesions where SB anatomy is unsuitable for stenting. We intend to provide insight into a contemporary way through our experience of the M-JBT.

Methods: A semi-compliant balloon sized appropriately for the SB diameter is inflated simultaneously with the MB stent balloon during stent deployment, followed by POT of the MB stent and then recrossing the SB.

Adherence to pharmacotherapy for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: A registry-based prospective study.

Background And Objective: There is limited data on secondary prevention medications following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in India. We performed a registry-based study to evaluate adherence to recommended medications following ACS hospitalisation.

Methods: Consecutive patients admitted with ACS were recruited.

Investigating mechanisms underlying the development of paralysis symptom in a model of MS.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder with approximately 80 % of patients suffering from pain and 50 % from paralysis. Using a rodent model for MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), researchers have predominately investigated paralysis/motor disease as the clinical symptom of EAE with fewer studying MS/EAE pain. However, in EAE, all mice exhibit a pain like phenotype and only a subset progresses to paralysis.

Perioperative lung expansion and pulmonary outcomes after open abdominal surgery versus usual care in the USA (PRIME-AIR): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are a leading cause of morbidity, death, and increased use of health-care resources. We aimed to determine whether a perioperative lung expansion bundle including individualised intraoperative management reduces PPC severity in patients undergoing major open abdominal surgery compared with usual care.

Methods: In this multicentre, randomised controlled phase 3 trial (PRIME-AIR), we enrolled adult patients (age ≥18 years) scheduled for an elective open abdominal surgery that would last at least 2 h, who were at intermediate or high risk for PPCs on the basis of their Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score (a score of ≥26), and who had a BMI below 35 kg/m at 17 academic hospitals across ten states in the USA.

Smart waste classification in IoT-enabled smart cities using VGG16 and Cat Swarm Optimized random forest.

Effective waste management is becoming a crucial component of sustainable urban development as smart technologies are used by smart cities more and more. Smart trash categorization systems provided by IoT may greatly enhance garbage sorting and recycling mechanisms. In this context, this work presents a waste categorization model based on transfer learning using the VGG16 model for feature extraction and a Random Forest classifier tuned by Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO).

Next-generation nephrology: part 2-mainstreaming genomics in nephrology, a global perspective.

Kidney genetic services are being created worldwide, revolutionising the way in which we manage families with suspected monogenic kidney disease. There is potential to learn from one another, whether one is just embarking on this journey or within an established kidney genetics service model with aspirations to optimise it further. This concluding portion of our two-part educational review explores the global efforts to integrate genomics into nephrology.

Unraveling fate of sulfonamide antibiotics in sandy loam soil and water of India and environmental risk assessment.

Antibiotic resistance is an alarming issue nowadays due to the increased use of antibiotics in humans, veterinary, fisheries, etc. Sulfonamides are one group of highly used antibiotics frequently detected in the environmental matrices. So, in the present study, we evaluated the sorption and dissipation of two commonly detected sulfonamide antibiotics in water (sulfamethazine (SMZ) and sulfamethoxazole (SMXZ)) in sandy loam soil and irrigation waters in the tropical region.

Left Atrial-to-Coronary Sinus Shunting in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: The ALT-FLOW Trial (Early Feasibility Study) 2-Year Results.

Background: The ALT-FLOW trial EFS (Early Feasibility Study) evaluated safety, hemodynamics and outcomes for the APTURE system in patients with HF and mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to examine the 2-year health status, functional capacity, and outcomes of ALT-FLOW EFS.

Methods: Device safety, performance, patency, hemodynamics, echocardiographic parameters, and outcomes were assessed in patients with LVEF >40% (n = 95); NYHA functional class, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) Clinical Summary Score (CSS), Total Symptom Score (TSS), and Overall Summary Score (OSS), 6-minute walk distance, and the ratio of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure at peak exercise to workload normalized to body weight (PCWL) were evaluated.

Is prevalence of dental anomalies site-specific in cleft lip and palate patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of cleft lip in conjunction with cleft palate is twice that of cleft lip or palate alone. Dental abnormalities are more frequent in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) than in non-cleft individuals. The present systematic review aimed to identify studies that examined the prevalence of dental anomalies in unilateral and bilateral clefts.

Clinical evaluation of platelet rich fibrin as barrier membrane in treatment of grade II furcation defects.

Background And Objectives: Various guided tissue regenerative procedures have been used in treatment of furcation defects. A combination of various graft materials and barrier membranes have been used over a period of time. The present study was designed to test whether autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) can be effectively used as a barrier membrane along with porous hydroxyapatite (HA) bone graft in the treatment of Grade II furcation defects.

Response to adjunctive antibiotic therapy along with nonsurgical periodontal therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis and chronic periodontitis patients: An exploratory review.

Objectives: This review was conducted to assess and compare whether there is a difference in response to adjunctive systemic and locally delivered antibiotics along with nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in the treatment of peri-implantitis (PI) and chronic periodontitis (CP).

Materials And Methods: A systematic search of literature on the predefined criteria was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and microbial load reduction were selected as primary outcomes, whereas plaque index and gingival index were evaluated as secondary outcomes.

Mapping of long COVID condition in India: a study protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has reported significant alarming aftereffects experienced by some individuals following acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, commonly referred to as long COVID. Long COVID is a set of symptoms that remain for weeks or months, after the initial phase of COVID-19 infection is ended.

Objective: This study protocol outlines the methodology of a systematic review followed by a meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the chronic effects of COVID-19 infection on the Indian population and determine the likely risk factors connected to the development and persistence of long COVID.